【正文】 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 基于組態(tài)的 PLC 液位 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 專業(yè) 自動(dòng)化 學(xué)生姓名 ***** 班級 ***** 學(xué)號 ***** 指導(dǎo)教師 ***** 完成日期 ***** 基于組態(tài)的 PLC 液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 基于組態(tài)的 PLC 液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 ： 在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中，液位變量是最常見、最廣泛的過程參數(shù)之一。在油工業(yè)、化工生產(chǎn)、電力工程、機(jī)械制造和食品加工等諸多領(lǐng)域中，人們都需要對各類流體的液位高度進(jìn)行檢測和控制。由于其具有工況復(fù)雜、參數(shù)多變等特點(diǎn)，它對控制調(diào)節(jié)器要求極高。 在工程實(shí)際中，應(yīng)用最為廣泛的調(diào)節(jié)器控制規(guī)律為比例、積分、微分控制，簡稱 PID 控制。 PID 控制器問世至今已有近 70 年歷史，它以其結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、穩(wěn)定性好、工作可靠、調(diào)整方便而成為液位控制的主要技術(shù)之一。 可編程控制器是一種應(yīng)用廣泛非常的自動(dòng)控制裝置，它將傳統(tǒng)的繼電器控制技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和通訊技術(shù)融為一體，具有控制能力強(qiáng)、操作靈活方便、可靠性高、適宜長期連續(xù)工作的特點(diǎn)，非常適合液位控制的要求。目前常用的可編程控制器中，西門子公司的 S7200 以其編程軟件 STEP7 的簡潔易用和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能強(qiáng) 大得到業(yè)內(nèi)人十的普遍認(rèn)可。 組態(tài)監(jiān)控軟件組態(tài)王是由北京亞控公司開發(fā)，在 PC 機(jī)上建立工業(yè)控制對象人機(jī)接口的一種智能軟件包，充分利用了 Window 圖形功能設(shè)備，界面一致性好，易學(xué)易用等特點(diǎn)，具有功能完備的人機(jī)接口界面和面向?qū)ο蟮膱D形開發(fā)環(huán)境，便于高效、快捷地把整個(gè)工藝過程構(gòu)成監(jiān)控畫面，以動(dòng)畫的形式顯示各個(gè)控制設(shè)備的狀態(tài)，在報(bào)警和歷史趨勢一方面的功能，方便了對系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控，具有較強(qiáng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能。 關(guān)鍵詞： S7200 系列 PLC，組態(tài)王， PID 控制，液位控制。 基于組態(tài)的 PLC 液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) PLC Control System Design of Level Based on Configuration Abstract:: In the industrial production process, the level variable is the most mon and one of the most widely used process parameters. In the oil industry, chemical production, power engineering, machinery manufacturing and food processing and many other areas, people need a high level of various fluids to detect and of its condition plicated and changeable parameters and other characteristics, in that it requires very high regulator. In engineering practice, the most widely used regulator control law is proportional, integral, differential control, referred to as PID control. Advent of PID controller has been nearly 70 years, with its simple structure, stable, reliable, easy to adjust and bee one of the main technical level control. Programmable controller is a very wide range of applications of automatic control devices, it will traditional relay control technology, puter technology and munication technology integration, with the control ability, easy operation, high reliability, suitable for longterm continuous features, is ideal for liquid level control requirements. Programmable controllers currently used in S7200 Siemens STEP7 programming software for its ease of use and simplicity of powerful munication works are widely recognized by the industry were ten. Kingview configuration monitoring software is developed by Beijing Asiacontrolled panies in the PC, the establishment of industrial control objects of a intelligent manmachine interface software package, full use of the Window graphics device interface consistency, easy to use and so on with fullfeatured manmachine interface graphical interface and objectoriented development environment to facilitate efficient and quick process constitutes the entire monitor screen to display the animation in the form of the status of the various control devices, alarms and historical trends in one39。s function to facilitate the monitoring of the system has strong working capabilities. Keywords： S7200 PLC , Kingview , PID control , level control 基于組態(tài)的 PLC 液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 目 錄 1 緒論 ......................................................................................................................... 1 題研究背景、意義和目的 .............................................................................. 1 液位控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r .............................................................................. 1 課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 ...................................................................................... 2 2 控制方案設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 2 單容水箱液位自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié) ........................................................................ 2 單容水箱對象特性 ................................................................................ 4 硬件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 8 控制單元 ................................................................................................ 8 檢測單元 ................................................................................................ 8 執(zhí)行單元 ................................................................................................ 9 3 西門子 PLC 簡介 ................................................................................................. 11 PLC 的發(fā)展 .................................................................................................... 11 PLC 的產(chǎn)生、定義 .............................................................................. 11 PLC 的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................................. 11 西門子 PLC 的介紹與比較 .......................................................................... 12 SIMATIC S7200 ............................................................................................ 13 CPU 單元 .............................................................................................. 13 脈沖輸出 .............................................................................................. 13 實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘 .............................................................................................. 14 電池模塊 .............................................................................................. 14 4 軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................... 14 STEP 7Micro/WIN 編程 ............................................................................... 14 STEP 7Micro/WIN 編程軟件簡介 .................................................... 14 STEP 7Micro/WIN 編程軟件的主界面功能 .................................... 14 STEP 7Micro/WIN 軟件 編程 ............................................................ 15 人機(jī)界面設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................