【正文】 基于單片機的籃球比賽計分器設(shè)計 總計 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 （論文） 47 頁 表 格 7 表 插 圖 40 幅 基于單片機的籃球比賽計分器設(shè)計 I 摘 要 隨著電子產(chǎn)品的逐漸發(fā)展，單片機在電子產(chǎn)品中占據(jù)著越來越重要的部位，籃球計時計分器就是以單片機為核心，分為計時電路，計分電路，時間暫停以及修改時間的，倒計時提醒電路，復位電路等。在籃球比賽中作為記錄比分和時間的重要依據(jù) [1]。 計時電路：根據(jù)籃球比賽的時間要求，設(shè)置好比賽的規(guī)定時間，通過編程，在顯示器上顯示出來，進而連接在大屏幕上，可供觀眾觀看 。 計分電路：在比賽開始后，每對進一個球，都會要有相應(yīng)的得分，通過程序的設(shè)定也要把比分顯示在顯示器上，以便能夠?qū)崟r的傳遞給觀眾。 時間暫停和修改時間電路：在比賽過程中，可能會發(fā)生一些事情，需要更改時間或暫停時間，在這里我們選擇應(yīng)用按鍵的方式來改變比賽的時間。 復位電路：是單片機本身的外接電路，當程序進入死循環(huán)是或想要實現(xiàn)的功能沒實現(xiàn)時，我們可以嘗試著進行復位，看電路是否可以正常工作。 倒計時提醒電路：在比賽的最后，為了讓運動員有心理準備，我們設(shè)置了倒計時提醒功能，在最后十秒時用蜂鳴器發(fā)聲來提醒運動員，比賽即 將結(jié)束。 本次實驗通過以 51 單片機為核心， LCD 顯示屏進行顯示，通過Proteus 軟件進行仿真，得到了預期的結(jié)果。 關(guān)鍵詞：單片機；顯示器；按鍵； Proteus 基于單片機的籃球比賽計分器設(shè)計 II Abstract With the gradual development of electronic products, electronic products, SCM occupy an increasingly important part of basketball time points is microcontroller as the core, into the timing circuit, scoring circuit, time pause and modify time countdown Alert circuit, reset circuit. Timing circuit: According to the time requirements basketball game, good game settings specified time, through programming, show up on the display, and then connected to the big screen for the audience to watch. Scoring circuit: After the start of the game, for each goal scored will have the appropriate score, by setting the score of the program is displayed on the display should to be able to transfer to the audience in real time. Time to pause and modification time circuit: during the game, something might happen, you need to change the time or pause time, where we choose to apply the key ways to change the game time. Reset circuit: the external circuit microcontroller itself when the program enters an infinite loop or function you want to achieve is not achieved 。 we can try to reset, to see whether the circuit is working properly. Countdown to remind Circuit: In the last game, in order to allow the athletes have been psychologically, we set the countdown reminder, in the final ten seconds with a small light flashes to remind players, the game is about to end. The experiments with 51 microcontroller core, LCD screen display, through the Proteus simulation software, to get the desired results. Keywords: microcontroller。 monitor。 button。 Proteus 基于單片機的籃球比賽計分器設(shè)計 III 目錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................ I Abstract.................................................................................. II 目的及意義 ........................................................................................ 1 設(shè)計（論文）的目的 ............................................................... 1 設(shè)計（論文）的意義 ............................................................... 1 研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................ 2 論文的主要工作 ................................................................................ 3 章節(jié)安排 ............................................................................................ 3 第 2 章 設(shè)計方案 ..................................................................... 4 設(shè)計要求 ............................................................................................ 4 設(shè)計思路 ............................................................................................ 4 系統(tǒng)的硬件框圖 ................................................................................ 4 第 3 章 器件介紹 ..................................................................... 6 AT89C51 單片機 ............................................................................. 6 簡介 .......................................................................................... 6 主要功能 ................................................................................... 7 管腳說明 ................................................................................... 8 LCD1602 顯示器 ........................................................................... 10 DS1602 的特 性 ....................................................................... 10 管腳功能 ................................................................................. 11 晶振 .................................................................................................. 13 蜂鳴器 .............................................................................................. 13 蜂鳴器的分類 ........................................................................ 13 蜂鳴器的驅(qū)動方式 ................................................................ 15 排阻 .................................................................................................. 16 按鍵 .................................................................................................. 17 三極管 .............................................................................................. 18 三極管的分類 ........................................................................ 19 三極管的工作狀態(tài) ................................................................ 19 電容 .................................................................................................. 20 第 4 章 軟件設(shè)計 ....................................................................22 Proteus 軟件 ...................................................................................... 22 Keil 軟件 ........................................................................................... 23 Keil C51 單片機軟件開發(fā)的整體結(jié)構(gòu) .............................. 24 基于單片機的籃球比賽計分器設(shè)計 IV Proteus 仿真實驗結(jié)果 ...................................................................... 25 時間顯示 ................................................................................ 26 分數(shù)顯示 ................................................................................ 28 倒計時功能 ..................