【正文】 LANZHOU UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 題 目 基于非接觸式 IC 卡的宿舍門禁系統(tǒng) 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 專業(yè)班級(jí) 自動(dòng)化（ 2）班 指導(dǎo)教師 學(xué) 院 電氣工程與信息工程學(xué)院 答辯日期 2021 年 6 月 12 日 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說明書 i 摘要 射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)是最近幾年發(fā)展起來的一門新的自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù)，它利用射頻方式在非接觸 IC 卡和讀卡器之間進(jìn)行無線通訊，完成目標(biāo)識(shí)別和數(shù)據(jù)交換。 本設(shè)計(jì)以 Atmel 公司的 AT89C51 單片機(jī)和 Philips 公司的讀卡芯片 MFRC500為核心，設(shè)計(jì)完成了一套簡(jiǎn)單的基于非接觸式 IC 卡的門禁管理系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)硬件還包括液晶顯示屏、時(shí)鐘電路、蜂鳴器報(bào)警電路、開鎖電路、外圍天線電路，并通過 RS232 通信接口與 PC 管理機(jī)通信。軟件設(shè)計(jì)包括 MFRC500 的應(yīng)用程序的設(shè)計(jì)、讀卡器及其它電路的應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì)和主程序設(shè)計(jì)三個(gè)部分。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：非接觸式 IC 卡；單片機(jī)；讀卡器；天線 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說明書 ii Abstract Radio frequency identification technology is developed in recent years of a new automatic identification technology, which use radio frequency between the contactless IC card and card reader for wireless munications, target identification and data exchange. Atmel39。s AT89C51 microcontroller and Philips reader chip MFRC500 are selectd as the cores in this design to plete a simple contactless IC card access control system. The system hardware also includes LCD display, clock circuit, the buzzer alarm circuit, the lock circuit, the external antenna circuit, and munication through the RS232 munication interface with a PC machine. The software design consists of three parts of the application design MFRC500, card readers and other circuits of application design and the main design. KEYWORDS: contactless IC card； singlechip microputer； card reader； antenna 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說明書 iii 目錄 第一章 緒論 ............................................................. 1 課題提出的背景 ...................................................................................................... 1 智能 IC 卡簡(jiǎn)介 ........................................................................................................ 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................................................... 2 第二章 方案選擇 ......................................................... 4 非接觸 式 IC 卡門禁系統(tǒng)組成 .............................................................................. 4 讀卡器 ........................................................................................................... 4 非接觸式 IC 卡 ............................................................................................ 5 非接觸式 IC 卡的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) ................................................................................... 9 第三章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 11 讀卡器總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................11 讀卡器主控模塊設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................11 主要性能參數(shù) .............................................................................................11 功能特性概述 ............................................................................................ 12 時(shí)鐘振蕩器 ................................................................................................. 15 空閑節(jié)電模式 ............................................................................................ 16 掉電模式 ..................................................................................................... 17 程序存儲(chǔ)器的加密 .................................................................................... 17 閃速存儲(chǔ)器的編程 .......................................................................... 18 編程方法 ..................................................................................................... 18 數(shù)據(jù)查詢 ..................................................................................................... 19 通信模塊設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 19 時(shí)鐘電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 20 液晶顯示模塊設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 21 天線模塊設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 22 射頻模塊接口電路設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................... 24 典型特性 ................................................................................... 24 功能原理框 .............................................................................. 25 所支持的微處理器接口 ........................................................................... 25 管腳說明 ................................................................................... 26 管腳描述 ..................................................................................................... 27 寄存器概述 .............................................................................. 29 其他外圍電路 ........................................................................................................ 30 開鎖電路 ..................................................................................................... 30 蘭州理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說明書 iv 蜂鳴器及 LED 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ......................................................................... 31 鍵盤接口電路 ............................................................................................ 31 第四章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 33 讀卡過程及程序設(shè) ................................................................................................ 34 應(yīng)用子程序設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 35 蜂鳴器驅(qū)動(dòng)程序設(shè) ................................................................................................ 40 鍵盤掃描程序設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 41 結(jié)論 ............