【正文】 貴州民族大學畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 電冰箱保護器的設(shè)計 系 部： 計算機與信息工程學院 專 業(yè)： 電子信息科學與技術(shù) 班 級： 2021 級 學 號： 學生姓名： 指導教師： 2021 年 5 月 27 日 I 電冰箱保護器的設(shè)計 楊勝林 摘要 ： 隨著我國人們生活水平的提高，電冰箱已經(jīng)逐漸成為我國廣大居民家庭生活必備的一種家用電器。然而，電冰箱的驅(qū)動電機 在一定的電壓范圍內(nèi)才能正常工作，供電電壓過高或過低以及雷電襲擊時很容易導致繞組線圈燒毀。因此，電冰箱易損壞或壽命短是困擾人們的一個問題。究其原因，供電電壓波動、瞬時斷電、雷電襲擊是電冰箱損壞或壽命縮短的主要原因之一。而對于絕大多數(shù)家用電冰箱來說，瞬時斷電與電壓波動幾乎是不可避免的。為此，可以利用變壓器，再配以控制電路設(shè)計了一種自動選壓、自動延時的電冰箱保護器，該多功能電冰箱保護器能夠根據(jù)負載電流判斷線路中的各種故障并及時進行保護，最大限度的降低對人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊?，是一種經(jīng)濟實用的電冰箱保護器。 本設(shè)計是在 分析了目前國內(nèi)外電冰箱保護器的研究進展與現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計了一種集過壓欠壓、延時、雷電保護于一體的 多功能電冰箱保護器 。文中首先探討了冰箱保護器的價值和發(fā)展狀況，并提出了設(shè)計的主要任務和內(nèi)容。然后分析了電網(wǎng)過、欠壓、突然斷電和雷電襲擊時，壓縮機受到的影響，并根據(jù)其工作原理，繪制電路原理圖，進行元器件的選擇與計算，設(shè)計相應的仿真。最后進行分析總結(jié)，并寫出該設(shè)計的參考文獻。 關(guān)鍵詞： 電冰箱保護器；過壓；欠壓；雷電；保護特性 II Study on integration protector of refrigerator Yangshenglin Abstract:Along with our country people living standard enhancement, freezer has gradually bee China39。s vast household life necessary for a household appliance. However, the driving motor of refrigerator in certain voltage range to work properly, the supply voltage is too high or too low and the lightning attacks easily lead to a winding coil burning. Therefore, the refrigerator is easy to be damaged or short life is that a question. Investigate its reason, power supply voltage fluctuations, instantaneous power, thunder and lightning damage or shorten the life of the refrigerator is one of the main reasons. But for the vast majority of household refrigerators, instantaneous power and voltage fluctuation is almost inevitable. Therefore, can make use of the transformer, coupled with the control circuit design of an automatic pressure selection, automatic delay protector for a refrigerator, the multifunctional protector for refrigerator according to the load current and judgment of line in various fault and timely protection, reducing the maximum effect on people39。s daily life, is a kind of economical and practical protector for refrigerator. This design is in the analysis of the current domestic and foreign protector of the refrigerator and the research progress on the basis of the status quo, to design a set of overvoltage undervoltage, delay, lightning protection in one multifunctional protector for refrigerator. This paper first discusses the refrigerator protector value and development status, and put forward the design of the main tasks and contents. Then it analyzes the work, undervoltage, a sudden power failure and lightning attacks, pressor affected, and according to its working principle, drawing the circuit diagram, ponents selection and calculation, design the corresponding simulation. Finally, analyzed and summarized, and write the design reference. Key words: protector of the refrigerator。 overvoltage。 undervoltage。 lightning protection characteristic. III 目錄 第 1 章 緒 論 .............................................................................................................................................1 研究目的和意義： ............................................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外電冰箱的發(fā)展狀況 ...............................................................................................................2 本課題的主要任務和研究內(nèi)容 .......................................................................................................3 本課題的主要任務 .......................................................................................................................3 本課題研究的內(nèi)容 .......................................................................................................................4 第 2 章 電冰箱的組成及工作原理 ...........................................................................................................5 電冰箱的結(jié)構(gòu)組成 ............................................................................................................................5 電冰箱工作原理： ............................................................................................................................6 電冰箱保護電路設(shè)計原理 ...............................................................................................................6 第 3 章 電冰箱的運行條件分析 ................................................................................................................7 欠壓、過壓運行狀態(tài)分析 ...............................................................................................................8 突然斷電又即通電運行狀態(tài)分析 ...................................................................................................9 強電流運行狀態(tài)分析 ........................................................................................................................9 第 4 章 電冰箱欠壓、過壓、延時保護器的設(shè)計 ................................................................................. 10 電路設(shè)計思路 ................................................................................................................................. 10 電路組成框圖 ................................................................................................................................. 10 工作電路原理 ..................................................................................................................................11 參數(shù) 的選擇計算 ............................................................................................................................. 12 電路仿真及調(diào)試 ............................................................................................................................. 12 各類元器件的認識 ......................................................................................................................... 15 第 5 章 電冰箱雷電保護器設(shè)計 ...............................................................................................