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第一篇:常用英語(yǔ)詞組a number of, the number of a number of +可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù),意為許多,大量的……the number of +可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù),意為……的數(shù)目able, capable, petent able為常用詞,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知識(shí)與時(shí)間等,搭配是be able to do 。如:A cat is able to see in the dark.(貓?jiān)诤诎抵心芸匆姈|西。)capable 指滿足一般要求的能力,搭配是be capable of +doing。petent 指“勝任”,“合格”,或受過(guò)專業(yè)技術(shù)等訓(xùn)練的,但不是超群的能力。如:A doctor should be petent to treat many diseases.(醫(yī)生應(yīng)該能治多種病。)above all;after all;at all。in all above all意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入語(yǔ),起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如:But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告訴我該做什么。after all意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”,在句中位置較靈活??晌挥诰涫?、句中或句末。如:After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.畢竟,兩周后就是你的生日。He is,after all,a small child.他畢竟還是個(gè)小孩子。He failed after all.他終于失敗了。at all用于否定句時(shí),意為“絲毫;根本”,用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)意為“究竟;到底”,用于條件句時(shí),常譯為“當(dāng)真;實(shí)在”。用于肯定句中,表示說(shuō)話人的某種情緒或情感(如懷疑或驚奇等),意為“竟然”等。如:He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜歡你。Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做這件事?If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做這件事,就得做好。I was surprised at his ing at all.他竟然來(lái)了,我很驚訝。in all意為“總共”,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。如:There are 25,000 Inuit in all.(=In all,there are 25,000 Inuit.)這兒共有25,000因努伊特人。aboard, abroad, board,broadaboard 在船(或飛機(jī),車)上。如:I never went aboard a 副詞,在國(guó)外或海外。如:He often goes 為動(dòng)詞,上(船,飛機(jī),車)。如:The passengers are boarding the plane 為形容詞,寬廣的。如:He has very broad 、accept, receiveaccept 接受,receive“接到”,“收到”。如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it.(昨天我收到了一個(gè)請(qǐng)柬,但并沒(méi)有接受邀請(qǐng)。)accident, incident, eventaccident事故。如:a traffic accident(交通事故)incident“附帶事件”,在政治上特指引起國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的事件,事變。event “事件”,指特別重要的事件,通常是由以前的努力而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,也指國(guó)家和社會(huì)的事件。7accurate, correct, exact,preciseaccurate準(zhǔn)確的,精確的。如:Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.(火車站的鐘應(yīng)該是準(zhǔn)確的。)correct“正確的”,指符合一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或準(zhǔn)則,含有“無(wú)錯(cuò)誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect, “精確的”,“恰好的”,比“大體上正確”更進(jìn)一步,表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。precise強(qiáng)調(diào)“精確”,“精密”。accuse, charge, sueaccuse 指責(zé),指控,常與of 搭配。如:His boss accused him of 常與with搭配。如:The policecharged the driver with reckless 常與for 搭配。如:Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his 、acquire, require, inquireacquire取得,獲得,學(xué)到。如:acquire knowledge(獲得知識(shí))inquire打聽,詢問(wèn)。如:inquire a person’s name(問(wèn)一個(gè)人的姓名)require需要。如:We require more help.(我們需要更多的幫助。)adopt, adaptadopt(1)收養(yǎng)。如:Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl.(他們自己沒(méi)有孩子,所以決定收養(yǎng)一個(gè)小女孩。)(2)采納,采用,通過(guò)。如:He adopted our suggestion.(他采納了我們的建議。)adopt與adapt詞形相近,后者的意思是“使適合”,“改編”等。1advantage, benefit, profitadvantage 常指一種使某人處于比其他人相對(duì)有利的地位,機(jī)會(huì)或時(shí)機(jī)。如:He had the advantage of good education.(受過(guò)良好的教育對(duì)他十分有利。)profit 多指報(bào)償或報(bào)償性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year?(你去年賺錢了嗎?)benefit 指物質(zhì)利益或精神方面的好處。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我個(gè)人從這家企業(yè)中并不獲益。)11affect, effectaffect影響(動(dòng)詞)。如Smoking affects ,影響(名詞)。如:Government policy will not have any effect on us.1afford, provide, supply都有“提供,供給”的意思。afford一般只用于抽象事物。provide 和supply意思相同,兩個(gè)詞都和with連用,構(gòu)成provide /supply somebody with something的結(jié)構(gòu)。1ago, before ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”,常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用,不可以單獨(dú)使用。before指過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的某時(shí)刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成時(shí)連用,可以單獨(dú)使用。例如,I saw him ten minutes 。He told me that he had seen the film 。1agree on;agree to;agree with agree on作“就……取得一致意見”解。例如:The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.上月,就建一座新汽車廠之事達(dá)成了協(xié)議。agree to有兩層含義和用法:其一是to作為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào),其后跟動(dòng)詞原形,作“同意(答應(yīng))做某事”解。例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me. 父親答應(yīng)給我買支新鋼筆。其二是to作為介詞,之后跟表示“計(jì)劃/條件/建議等一類的名詞或代詞”。例如:They have a greed to our plan.他們已同意我們的計(jì)劃。agree with作“同意某人的意見”解,其后可跟表示人的名詞或代詞,也可跟表示“意見”或“說(shuō)的話”的名詞或從句。例如:He agreed with my opinions. 他同意了我的意見。We agreed with what he said at the meeting. 我們同意他在會(huì)上講的話。1alive, living, livealive 指雖有死的可能,但仍活著,一般只作表語(yǔ)。living可用于人或物,作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可前可后。live只做前置定語(yǔ),用于動(dòng)物和個(gè)別事物前。1almost, nearly 一般說(shuō)來(lái),almost比nearly 表示的意思更接近“開始”、“完成”(目標(biāo))等。在all, every, always 前,兩者都可用。如:He is almost(nearly)smoking.(他幾乎每天抽煙。)almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 連用,而nearly卻不能。如:Almost no one believed her.(幾乎沒(méi)人相信他。)1alone, lonelyalone只表“獨(dú)自”的客觀狀態(tài),沒(méi)有感情色彩,只作表語(yǔ);lonely表“孤獨(dú)”,:“寂寞”,能作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely.(剩下她一人時(shí)她就感到寂寞。)alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone須置于被修飾詞之后,only往往置于被修飾詞前。如:He alone(Only he)can remember the story.(只有他才能記起這段經(jīng)歷。)1altogether, all together altogether總計(jì),總共。如:Altogether there are six of us.(我們總計(jì)六人。)all together 全都在一起。如:We played the game all together.(我們大家都一起來(lái)玩游戲吧。)although。though。as三者均可表示“盡管;雖然”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。although用法較正式,語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng);though較常用;as則主要用于倒裝句。它們的用法有如下幾點(diǎn)值得注意:狀語(yǔ)從句由although, though或as引導(dǎo),主句之前不可有but, and, so, however等并列連詞,但可有yet或still等副詞。although與though??苫Q。例如:Although/Though he believes it, yet he will not act. 他雖然相信它,但卻不肯有所行動(dòng)。as表示“盡管;雖然”,只能用于倒裝句,即:將表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在as之前。though也可這么用。例如:Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. 他雖然年紀(jì)不大,卻懂得很多。注意:如果表語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞,要省略a。例如:Child as/though he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 雖然他是個(gè)孩子,但他會(huì)說(shuō)兩門外語(yǔ)。though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although卻不能。例如:They said they would e。they did not, though. 他們說(shuō)他們會(huì)來(lái),可是他們并沒(méi)有來(lái)。although只用來(lái)陳述“事實(shí)”,不能表示“假設(shè)”。因此可以說(shuō)even though“即使”以及as though“好像(=as if)”,不能說(shuō)even although或as although。例如:I believe you are on duty—even though you’re in plain clothes. 盡管你穿著便衣,我相信你是在值勤。[外語(yǔ)@2among, betweenamong 在……中間(三者或三者以上之間)。如:Our house is hidden among 。如:It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a Chinese.2answer, reply, respond用作動(dòng)詞,都可表“回答”,“答復(fù)”。answer是常用詞,后可接letter(回信),question(回答問(wèn)題),doorbell(開門),telephone(接電話),advertisement(應(yīng)征廣告)等。reply較正式,一般只作不及物動(dòng)詞,可與to連用。如:He has replied to my letter.(他回答了我信中提的問(wèn)題。)respond作“回答”解,用得較少,也同to 搭配。如:He quickly responded to the question.(他很快就回答了問(wèn)題。)另外,respond還可表“對(duì)……反應(yīng)”,“響應(yīng)”。2approve, proveapprove(1)贊成,同意。如:I don’t approve of wasting time.(我不贊成浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。)(2)批準(zhǔn),通過(guò)。如:The minister approved the building 。prove和approve詞形相似,prove是“證明”,“表明是”等。2arise/rise/raise/ arousearise是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“起源于(和from連用)和“出現(xiàn)”。rise是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“上升”,該詞是不及物動(dòng)詞:rise, rose, risen raise是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“舉起”。arouse的意思是“引起,導(dǎo)致”。Black smoke rose from the is too weak to raise that heavy usually arise from crisis has arisen in their ’s behavior was arousi