【正文】 航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)壓氣機(jī) 轉(zhuǎn)子 葉片強(qiáng)度計(jì)算及氣流場模擬 摘要 壓氣機(jī)是為航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)提供需要壓縮空氣的關(guān)鍵部分，由轉(zhuǎn)子和靜子 等 組成，其中轉(zhuǎn)子葉片是完成該功能的核心零件 ， 在能量轉(zhuǎn)換方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用 。 葉片工作的環(huán)境比較惡劣 ， 除了承受高轉(zhuǎn)速下的氣動(dòng)力 、 離心力和高振動(dòng)負(fù)荷外 ， 還 要承受熱應(yīng)力 ， 所以 在葉片設(shè)計(jì)之中，首先遇到的問題是葉片結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度問題， 轉(zhuǎn)子葉片強(qiáng)度的高低直接影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行可靠性 ， 葉片強(qiáng)度 不足，可能會(huì)直接導(dǎo)致葉片的疲勞壽命不足，因此在強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)中必須盡量增大強(qiáng)度，以提高葉片疲勞壽命和可靠性。 由進(jìn)氣道 、 轉(zhuǎn)子 、 靜子等組成的離心式壓氣機(jī)內(nèi)部流動(dòng)通道是非常復(fù)雜的 ， 由于壓氣機(jī)是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的主要增壓設(shè)備 ，其工作的好壞對發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的性能有很大的影響。隨著現(xiàn)在的計(jì)算機(jī)和數(shù)字計(jì)算方法的大力發(fā)展，三維計(jì)算流體 模擬 軟件越來越多的被運(yùn)用到旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械的內(nèi)部 流場 進(jìn)行數(shù)值 分析。 本文利用三維流體 模擬軟件 ANSYS 系列軟件 對壓氣機(jī)內(nèi)部的 氣體 流動(dòng)性能進(jìn)行模擬 ， 得到一些特征截面的壓力和速度分布情況 。 關(guān)鍵字 ： 轉(zhuǎn)子 葉片 ；強(qiáng)度計(jì)算； Fluent；軸流式壓氣機(jī) Abstract The pressor is to provide pressed air for the needs of key parts of aero engine, the rotor and the stator, etc., wherein the rotor blades are core ponents to plete the function, plays a crucial role in the transformation of energy. The blade working environment is relatively poor, in addition to withstand high speed aerodynamics, centrifugal force and vibration in high load, to withstand greater thermal stress, so in the blade design, the first problem is the strength of the blade structure, the rotor blade strength directly affect the reliability of the engine, blade lack of strength, may directly lead to the fatigue life of the blade is insufficient, so the strength design must try to increase the strength, to improve the blade fatigue life and reliability. The internal flow passage of centrifugal pressor inlet, rotor and stator which is very plex, is mainly due to the high pressure equipment of the engine, has great impact on the performance of the quality of its work on the engine. With the development of puter and digital calculation method, 3D putational fluid simulation software has been applied to numerical analysis of internal flow field of rotating machines. In this paper, the fluid flow characteristics in the pressor are simulated by using a series of ANSYS software, and the pressure and velocity distributions of some characteristic sections are obtained. Keywords: rotor blade。 strength calculation。 Fluent。 axial flow pressor 目錄 1 引言 .......................................................................................................................... 1 課題介紹 ........................................................................................................ 1 研究方法 ........................................................................................................ 1 直接計(jì)算法 ............................................................................................... 1 有限元分析法 ............................................................................................ 2 2 轉(zhuǎn)子葉片 ................................................................................................................... 2 葉身結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................................ 3 榫頭結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................................ 5 葉片截面的幾何特征 ....................................................................................... 7 3 葉片強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................... 10 葉片受力分析 ............................................................................................... 10 離心拉應(yīng)力計(jì)算 ............................................................................................ 10 離心彎應(yīng)力計(jì)算 ............................................................................................ 12 氣流彎應(yīng)力計(jì)算 ............................................................................................ 15 葉片熱載荷 ................................................................................................... 18 榫頭強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ............................................................................................... 18 4 壓氣機(jī)內(nèi)氣流場的模擬 ............................................................................................ 20 Fluent 軟件介紹 ............................................................................................ 20 雙向流固耦合 ................................................................................................... 21 模型建立 ...................................................................................................... 22 實(shí)體模型的建立 ................................................................................. 23 ICEM CFD網(wǎng)格劃分 ............................................................................. 26 相關(guān)條件的設(shè)置 ................................................................................. 27 運(yùn)行結(jié)果和分析 ............................................................................................ 28 速度計(jì)算和分析 ................................................................................. 28 壓力場計(jì)算和分析 .............................................................................. 30 5 結(jié)束語 .................................................................................................................... 32 【參考文獻(xiàn)】 ................................................................................................................. 33 致 謝 ........................................................................................................................... 34 附錄 1 相關(guān)英文文獻(xiàn) : ................................................................................................... 36 附錄 2 英文文獻(xiàn)中文譯文 : ............................................................................................. 51 1 1 引言 課題介紹 壓氣機(jī)是用來提高進(jìn)入發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)內(nèi)的空氣壓力，提供發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作時(shí)所需要的壓縮空氣，也可以為座艙增壓、渦輪散熱和其他發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的啟動(dòng)提供壓縮空氣 [1]。其中轉(zhuǎn)子的主要組成部分轉(zhuǎn)子