【正文】 ABSTRACT iii| 北京交通大學 碩士學位論文 公共 建筑改擴建 研究 Research of Public building Reconstruction 培養(yǎng)單位：北京交通大學 論文提交日期： ABSTRACT iv| 中文摘要 摘要： 隨著社會經濟 、科學技術 的不斷發(fā)展， 我國進入了全方位快速發(fā)展的時代。公共 建筑是集 多學科 和復雜功能于一體的建筑類型。目前，我國正處于 教學 改革和發(fā)展的重要時期，許多 公共 都正在面臨著規(guī)模的擴張以及環(huán)境的改善，這將對公共 建筑的功能結構、流線組織、空間形態(tài)等方面產生巨大的影響， 各類型的公共 建筑的使用 理念和 使用 方式也在不斷的進行改革更新， 既有 功能型 建筑從規(guī)模、功能 、節(jié)能度上都越來越不能滿足現(xiàn)有的使用要求。 因此 公共建筑 的功能、空間、美觀的合理性也愈發(fā)的重要。 而單純地大拆大建與拆舊建新的城市建造方式既造成人力物力財力的大量浪費，也破壞了環(huán)境，更重要的是會造成城市記憶的缺失。在此種情境下，對既有 公共建筑 進行改擴建與功能提升基礎上的再利用是一種合適的解決方式。 在未來的一段時期內，改建、擴建將成為 學校 動態(tài)發(fā)展的主要方式 。 公共建筑 是 城市 最重要的組成部分，也是 人們 在 城市 中 接觸到 最多 的空間，是整個 工 作、學習、休閑 都離不開的重要節(jié)點 ，其環(huán)境的好壞對 人們 的 生活生活方式 有著很大的影響。而許多老 建筑 受建造時條件所限，往往以經濟性作為設 計的出發(fā)點，而隨著 社會屬性 模式的進步和功能的擴張，這些老建筑與使用者對 公共建筑 功能和空 間 的新要求之間往往存在著巨大的矛盾。 教學樓 是 學校 建筑中功能和空間最復雜的，其改擴建設計要綜合 學校 發(fā)展規(guī)劃、建筑現(xiàn)狀、資金策略、 教學 技術、建筑設計以及相關專業(yè)等因素進行。本文首先列舉了改擴建的 設計主要方法研究 ，并闡述了改擴建的操作流程和設計原則；然后，通過 北京十一學校改擴建 實例分析對 公共 建筑 改擴建中的功能空 間 、交通流線和設施 技術 三個問題進行分項研究，并展開討論了其設計內容及對應具體問題的改擴建措施；最后在對實例運用圖解分析的基礎上，對 公共建筑 改擴建的設計手法進行分類總結，并從改擴建角度提出了 公共 建筑的設計趨勢。 關鍵詞： 學校、教學樓、 改擴建、功能提升、技術策略 。 ABSTRACT v| ABSTRACT ABSTRACT: Abstract: with the continuous development of social economy, science and technology, our country entered the era of rapid development. School building is set a multidisciplinary and plicated functions in one of the building type. At present, our country is in the teaching reform and the development important period, many primary and middle schools are facing the expansion of the scale and the improvement of the school environment, it will be for the school buildings function structure, flow anization, spatial form, etc, have a significant impact, elementary and middle schools education ideas and methods have been reforming update, both the functional architecture is more and more from the scale, function, energy saving, can39。t meet the requirements of the use of existing. So the function of the teaching building, the rationality of the space, beautiful also is increasingly important. And simply down to build and dismantle old build new way of urban construction is causing huge waste of manpower, material and financial resources, also destroyed the environment, more important is can cause loss of city memory. In such a context, for both the school teaching building and function reconstruction and improve on the basis of reuse is a suitable solution. In the future for a period of reconstruction and expansion will bee the dominant form of dynamic development of the school. Teaching building is the most important part of the school, also the top students in the school access to space, is an important node of the whole teaching is inseparable from the, the stand or fall of its environment has a great influence on the students39。 interest in learning culture. And when a lot of the old school building conditions, often to economy as the starting point of design, and with the progress of teaching mode and the function of the expansion, these old ABSTRACT vi| buildings and the users of the building function and space often there is a great contradiction between the new requirements. In the teaching building is a school building function and space is the most plex, its construction and design for prehensive school development planning, construction, financing strategy, teaching technology, architectural design and related factors. At first, this paper enumerates the main factors affecting its reconstruction, and expounds the process of reconstruction and design principles。 Then, through the example analysis to the building function space, traffic streamline and facilities in the reconstruction and three problems are studied separately, and discuss its design content and the corresponding reconstruction measures for concrete problems, Finally in the instance using the graphic analysis, on the basis of summary of school teaching building of the reconstruction and design methods are classified, and the design of school building was put forward from the Angle of reconstruction trend. KEYWORDS： schools, teaching building, reconstruction, function, technical strategy. 目錄 vii| 目錄 中文摘要 ............................................................ iv ABSTRACT ............................................................. v 1 緒論 .............................................................. 1 選題的背景及意義 ................................................. 1 選題的原因 ................................................ 1 選題的背景 ................................................ 1 改擴建利用的優(yōu)勢 ................................................. 1 經濟優(yōu)勢 .................................................. 1 生態(tài)優(yōu)勢 .................................................. 2 研究對象的界定及相關概念 ......................................... 2 研究對象的界定 ............................................ 2 研究對象的相關概念 ........................................ 2 本 領域國內外最新研究動態(tài)和成果 ................................... 4 國外的研究動態(tài)與成果 ...................................... 4 國內的研究動態(tài)與成果 ...................................... 5 本題研究方法及架構 .............................................. 6 本題研究方法 ............................................... 6 本題研究架構 ............................................... 7 本章小結 目錄 viii| 2 組合界面 思路的建筑改擴建設計模式 ................................. 9 “組合界面”思路的建筑改擴建設計模式 ........................... 9 簡單并置式 .............................................. 9 復合并置式 ............................................. 11 外向圍合式 ............................................. 11 內向嵌入式 ............................................. 12 連接體模式 ............................................. 13 “組合界面”思路的建筑改擴建設計原則 ...................... 14 空間的適用性原則 ....................................... 14 以和為美的構圖原則 .