【正文】 I 摘 要 多功能遙控智能小車的設(shè)計 以 AT89S52單片機為控制核心，利用紅外線的傳感器檢測道路上的障礙，控制電動的小汽車自動避障，并可以實現(xiàn)溫度遠程測量和數(shù)據(jù)無線傳輸和分析、報警等功能。 本系統(tǒng)包含 無線遙控 模塊 、 溫度測量、無線傳輸、避障等 模塊。 本設(shè)計的 收發(fā)模塊是利用 PT2262/2272和 DFF的 模塊 點動操作。單片機根據(jù)接收到的遙控信號，實現(xiàn)對電機的控制，從而控制小車的前進、后退、左轉(zhuǎn)、右轉(zhuǎn)等基本動作 。 溫度傳感器 選擇的是 DS18B20。該傳感器有較大的測溫敏捷性和較為方便的數(shù)字輸出，很便于后期數(shù)據(jù)分析和 處理。 本設(shè)計的 避障部分，是采用 紅外傳感器檢測 。遇到障礙物時，信號輸出端從高電平變到低電平。下降沿觸發(fā)中斷，執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的中斷子函數(shù)，實現(xiàn)自動避障。 無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊 選用的 是 NRF24L01， 它 是一款新型單片射頻收發(fā)器件 ,工作于 GHz～ GHz ISM頻段。 總之， 本設(shè)計充分利用了車載的靈活方便的特性 ，傳感器加于小車之上，以實現(xiàn)隨時隨地的監(jiān)測、控制。在對探險及危險偵測的應(yīng)用方面有重要意義。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 多功能遙控智能 小車； AT89S52；溫度傳感器；無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸 ；無線遙控 II ABSTRACT The design of multifunction control intelligent car is using the series of 51 singlechip microputer AT89S52 as control can avoidance obstacle automatically, and can realize temperature remote measurement， data wireless transmission analysis and alarm functions. This system contains wireless remote control module, temperature measurement, wireless transmission, obstacle avoidance module, etc. The wireless remote part of this design is using PT2262/2272 and DF to act as point to point. According to the remote signal received, SCM realizes the control of the motor, so as to control the car move forward, backward, left turn,right turn, and other basic actions. Temperature sensor DS18B20 was chosen. The sensor is larger agility and more convenient digital output,very convenience for later data analysis and processing. Obstacleavoiding part is using infrared sensor to detect obstacles, and signal output terminal changes from high level to low level. Falling edge executes trigger disruption to realize the obstacle avoidance by execute son function. This design of wireless data transmission module is NRF24L01 which is a single piece of RF transceiver devices, working in ~ GHz in ISM band. In short, this design makes full use of the characteristics of the car which is flexible and convenient for add the sensor on the car to monitor and control anytime and anywhere. In the dangerous exploration and detect applications ，it have the important meaning. Keywords: multifunction remote intelligent car。 AT89S52 devices。 Temperature sensors。 Wireless data transmission。 Wireless remote control III 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. II 1 緒 論 ........................................................................................................................ 1 課題研究意義 .............................................................................................. 1 國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................................................. 1 本設(shè)計的目標 .............................................................................................. 2 2 小車方案的設(shè)計 .................................................................................................... 4 主控方案 ...................................................................................................... 4 驅(qū)動及方向控制模塊設(shè)計方案 .................................................................. 6 驅(qū)動及方向 電機控制方案 ................................................................ 6 驅(qū)動及方向電機選擇方案 ................................................................ 7 避障模塊設(shè)計方案 ...................................................................................... 8 無線遙控收發(fā)及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊設(shè)計方案 .................................................. 9 溫度傳感裝置的設(shè)計方案 ........................................................................ 10 溫度顯示方案的設(shè)計 ................................................................................ 10 顯示屏的選擇 .................................................................................. 10 顯示方法的選擇 ...............................................................................11 3 小車的硬件 設(shè)計 .................................................................................................. 12 51 最小系統(tǒng)板 ........................................................................................... 13 驅(qū)動模塊及方向控制模塊 ........................................................................ 17 紅外避障模塊 ............................................................................................ 18 車燈模塊 .................................................................................................... 20 無線遙控模塊的設(shè)計 ................................................................................ 21 無線溫度傳輸模塊的設(shè)計 ........................................................................ 23 無線發(fā)送模塊 .................................................................................. 25 無線接收模塊 .................................................................................. 26 穩(wěn)壓模塊 .................................................................................................... 27 顯示模塊 .................................................................................................... 28 按鍵模塊 .................................................................................................... 28 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................... 30 系統(tǒng)總體軟件設(shè)計 .................................................................................... 30 各模塊軟件設(shè)計 ........................................................................................ 32 5 整機調(diào)試 .............................................................................................................. 42 小車的訓練調(diào)試 ........................................................................................ 42 電機驅(qū)動的調(diào)試 ........................................................................................ 42