【正文】 I 摘要 點(diǎn)焊機(jī)作為一種重要的工業(yè)用具，在當(dāng)今的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占著很重要的位置。點(diǎn)焊是一種重要的焊接工藝，具有成本低、生產(chǎn)效率高、易于實(shí)現(xiàn)自動化和節(jié)省材料等特點(diǎn)。如今，傳統(tǒng)的點(diǎn)焊機(jī)自動化程度低，生產(chǎn)效率不高，焊點(diǎn)質(zhì)量差，這已經(jīng)不能滿足工業(yè)發(fā)展的需求。因此，需要開發(fā)一種自動化程度高的點(diǎn)焊機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。本文的 點(diǎn)焊機(jī) 控制系統(tǒng)系采用 PLC 加觸摸屏的控制方式，能很大程度的提高企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率，減少廢品率。本文所涉及的點(diǎn)焊機(jī)系 采用雙面雙點(diǎn)過流焊接的原理，工作時 工件被壓在兩個電極之間 ,在壓力的作用下兩電極之間產(chǎn)生電阻。當(dāng)有電流通過時 ，就會產(chǎn)生高溫電弧，高溫融化被焊接的工件，并 且電流瞬間從另一電極沿工件流至此電極 ，并 形成回路，不 對 被焊工件的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) 產(chǎn)生傷害 。 和傳統(tǒng)半自動化點(diǎn)焊機(jī)相比較，該設(shè)備焊出的焊點(diǎn)及焊縫長度分布更均勻、效率更高，節(jié)省人力。 本次設(shè)計(jì)的點(diǎn)焊機(jī)由可轉(zhuǎn)動的圓形工作臺、帶動電機(jī)左右移動的橫梁以及控制電機(jī)上下運(yùn)動的主軸構(gòu)成。主要加工某公司旋轉(zhuǎn)座椅的零部件，一共有三個工位需要加工，這三個工位的運(yùn)動控制都是由伺服系統(tǒng)完成精確的定位控制。 3 套伺服系統(tǒng)分別控制 X、 Y、 Z 軸完成精確定位， PLC 則對伺服電機(jī)驅(qū)動器進(jìn)行控制，伺服驅(qū)動器則 負(fù)責(zé)驅(qū)動伺服電機(jī)。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：信捷 PLC；伺服電機(jī) ；觸摸屏 II Abstract Spot welding as an important industrial appliances, occupied a very important position in today39。s industrial production. Spotwelding process is an important, low cost, high efficiency, easy to automate and saving materials and so on. Today, the traditional spot welding low degree of automation, production efficiency is not high, poor weld quality, which can not meet the needs of industrial development. Therefore, the need to develop a high degree of automation control system of spot welding. Spot welding control system system control PLC paper, plus a touch screen, to a large extent improve production efficiency, reduce scrap rates. Spot welding system referred to herein using doublesided doublepoint overcurrent welding principle, the work piece is pressed between two electrodes under pressure produces resistance between the two electrodes. When a current is passed, it will have a high temperature arc, high melting temperature of the workpiece to be welded, and the current moment from the other electrode along the workpiece flow to this electrode, and form a loop, does not harm the internal structure is the welder member. And the traditional semiautomatic welding machine pared to the device solder joints and weld length out more evenly distributed, high efficiency and save manpower. The design of the spot welding by a rotatable circular table, motor driven beam move around and up and down movement of the spindle motor control position. The main processing ponents rotating seat of a pany, a total of three stations need to be processed, these three stations precise motion control is done by the servo positioning control system. 3 sets of servo control the X, Y, Z axis for accurate positioning, PLC is to control the servo motor drives, servo drives are responsible for driving the servo motor. Keywords: XinJie PLC。 servo motor。 touch screenI 目錄 摘要 .................................................................................. I Abstract............................................................................. II 第 1 章 緒 論 ......................................................................... 1 課題意義 ...................................................................... 1 課題的國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀及趨勢 ....................................................... 1 國內(nèi)電焊機(jī)科技水平及發(fā)展趨勢 ........................................... 1 國外電焊機(jī)科技水平的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展 ......................................... 1 ．課題內(nèi)容 .................................................................... 2 第 2 章 點(diǎn)焊機(jī)工藝的介紹 ............................................................... 3 點(diǎn)焊機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) ............................................................... 3 系統(tǒng)原理 ............................................................... 3 系統(tǒng)控制框圖 ........................................................... 3 點(diǎn)焊機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)介紹 .................................................... 4 點(diǎn)焊的基本原理 ............................................................... 4 點(diǎn)焊機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的工藝流程 .................................................... 5 本章小結(jié) ...................................................................... 6 第 3 章 控制方案比較 .................................................................. 7 方案比較 ..................................................................... 7 確定控制方案 ........................................................... 7 確定控制方向 ........................................................... 8 本章小結(jié) ..................................................................... 8 第 4 章 硬件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 9 控制要求 ..................................................................... 9 控制方案 ..................................................................... 9 硬件控制系統(tǒng) ................................................................. 9 硬件選型 .................................................................... 10 PLC 選型 ............................................................... 10 伺服電機(jī)的選型 ........................................................ 11 伺服驅(qū)動器的選型 ...................................................... 12 觸摸屏的選型 .......................................................... 14 熔斷器的選型 .......................................................... 15 按鈕開關(guān)的選 型 ........................................................ 15 行程開關(guān)的選型 ........................................................ 16 焊槍的選擇 ............................................................ 17 交流接觸器的選型 ...................................................... 17 PLC 的 I/O 地址表 ............................................................ 18 ................................................................. 18 ................................................................ 18 PLC 外部接線圖 .............................................................. 19 本章小結(jié) ..................................................................... 19 第 5 章 伺服系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................. 20 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 思想 ................................................................ 20 伺服方案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................ 20 II 半閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng) ............................................................... 20 伺服驅(qū)動器與伺服電機(jī)的連接