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基于單片機(jī)的直流電機(jī)調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)(終稿)(已修改)

2024-12-03 20:59 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 南京工業(yè)大學(xué) 畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) ( 20**) 課題名稱 基于單片機(jī)的直流電機(jī)調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 所在院校 自動(dòng)化與電氣工程學(xué)院 所在專業(yè) 自動(dòng)化 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 指導(dǎo)教師 I 摘要 本文主要研究 基于單片機(jī)的直流電機(jī)調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì): 整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)以 AT89C51 單片機(jī)作為控制電路的核心 ,加上輸入、驅(qū)動(dòng)和顯示 模塊, 從而 實(shí)現(xiàn) 了 電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速參數(shù)的顯示和測(cè)量 。 該設(shè)計(jì)中使用帶中斷的獨(dú)立式鍵盤進(jìn)行命令的輸入,當(dāng) 鍵盤的信號(hào) 被 單片機(jī) AT89S51 接受 ,單片機(jī)在 子程序 控制下 通過計(jì)算占空比產(chǎn)生出對(duì)應(yīng)的 脈寬調(diào)制( PWM) 信號(hào)輸出和控制信號(hào)輸出,其中一路信號(hào) 可 控制 L298 的 使能和方向,一路 脈寬調(diào)制( PWM) 波形 則 送 L298 實(shí)現(xiàn)控制直流電機(jī)的速度的功能。在直流電機(jī)中安裝霍爾開關(guān)傳感器,把速度信號(hào)傳送到 AT89S51, 由 AT89S51 進(jìn)行定時(shí)計(jì)數(shù), 算出直流電機(jī)每秒鐘的轉(zhuǎn)速, 最后 送LED 顯示。 在整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)過程中,在硬件設(shè)計(jì)上采用了大量的集成電路模塊來組成硬件結(jié)構(gòu),從而簡(jiǎn)化了硬件電路,并提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性,使整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)的性能得到了提高。 關(guān)鍵詞 :控制系統(tǒng)、單片機(jī)、 脈寬調(diào)制( PWM)、直流電機(jī) II Abstract This paper studies the microcontrollerbased DC motor speed control system design: The entire control system control circuit AT89C51 microcontroller as the core, plus the input, the drive and display module, enabling the motor speed display and measurement parameters. The design used in standalone keyboard with interrupt for mand input signal is when the keyboard microcontroller AT89S51 accepted under the control of microcontroller in the subroutine generated by calculating the corresponding duty cycle pulsewidth modulation (PWM) signal outputs and control signals output signal to control the way in which L298 enable and direction, all the way to the pulse width modulated (PWM) waveform is sent to L298 DC motor speed to achieve control functions. DC motor is installed in the Hall switch sensor, the speed signal is sent to the AT89S51, AT89S51 conducted by a timer counting, calculating DC motor speed per second, and finally sent to the LED display. In the control system design process, the hardware design with a large number of integrated circuit module to form the hardware structure, thereby simplifying the hardware circuit, and improves the stability and reliability of the performance of the control system of the increased. Keywords: control systems, microcontroller, PWM, DC motor 目錄 摘要 ................................................................................................................................. I Abstract.......................................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 研究背景及意義 ............................................................................................. 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ......................................................................... 1 主要設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 ................................................................................................. 2 第二章 預(yù)備知識(shí)介紹 ................................................................................................. 4 直流電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)與調(diào)速原理 ......................................................................... 4 單片機(jī) AT89S51 的介紹 ................................................................................ 4 直流電 機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片 L298 ............................................................................... 9 顯示模塊 ....................................................................................................... 12 第三章 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案 ............................................................................................... 13 第四章 硬件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................... 15 直流電源部分 ................................................................................................ 15 PWM 波形發(fā)生原理 ...................................................................................... 16 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ............................................................................................... 16 速度的測(cè)量和顯示 ........................................................................................ 19 第五章 軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................... 23 主程序 ........................................................................................................... 23 鍵盤掃描子程序 ........................................................................................... 24 PWM 信號(hào)發(fā)生程序 ...................................................................................... 25 測(cè)速子程序 ................................................................................................... 26 顯示子程 序 ................................................................................................... 28 第六章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試與分析 ........................................................................................... 30 調(diào)試軟件介紹 ............................................................................................... 30 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 ....................................................................................................... 31 仿真圖形 ....................................................................................................... 31 調(diào)試結(jié)果分析 ................................................................................................ 32 參考文獻(xiàn): .................................................................................................................. 33 致謝 .............................................................................
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