【正文】
Revision of The passive Infinitive 不定式語法 ? 不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化 ,時(shí)態(tài)共四種 , 即一般式 、 完成式 、進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)行式 。 語態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài) , 如下表所示 。 語態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 進(jìn)行式 to be doing / 完成進(jìn)行式 to have been doing / 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)用主動(dòng)語態(tài);當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是動(dòng)詞不定式所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài) 。 進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)行式?jīng)]有被動(dòng)語態(tài) 。 一、 不定式的被動(dòng)形式有下列用法 1. 作主語: It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2. 作賓語: She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 一 當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式一般要采用被動(dòng)形式。 . 3. 構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語: He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn’t like herself to be praised like that. 4. 構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語: The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 5. 作定語: Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office? 6. 作狀語: She was too young to be assigned such work. 二 、 不定式有時(shí)還可以有完成式的被動(dòng)式 , 在句中作主語 、 賓語 、 定語 , 或者構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語 、 復(fù)合謂語等 , 如: It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.( 主語 ) She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (賓語 )) He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. ( 復(fù)合賓語 ) Th