【正文】 河南城建學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 摘要 I 摘要 隨著控制理論和電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展，工業(yè)控制器的適應(yīng)能力增強和高度智能化正逐步成為現(xiàn)實。其中以單片機為核心實現(xiàn)的數(shù)字控制器因其體積小、成本低、功能強、簡便易行而得到廣泛應(yīng)用。 PID 溫度控制器作為一種重要的控制設(shè)備，在化工、食品等諸多工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文主要討論在過程控制中得到廣泛應(yīng)用的數(shù)字 PID控制在單片機溫度控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用。 本文詳細闡述了 基于 PID 控制的溫度控制系統(tǒng) 的硬件組成、軟件設(shè)計及相關(guān)的接口電路設(shè)計。并且充分考慮了系統(tǒng)的可靠性，采取了相應(yīng)的措施予以保證。針對控制對象的特 點，在系統(tǒng)辨識的基礎(chǔ)上對系統(tǒng)的控制算法進行了仿真研究，并在單片機系統(tǒng)中實現(xiàn)了控制算法。最后針對溫控系統(tǒng)進行了實驗，通過對實驗數(shù)據(jù)的分析表明本文所述的 基于 PID 控制的溫度控制系統(tǒng) 的設(shè)計的合理性和有效性。 關(guān)鍵詞 :單片機 ,溫度控制 ,數(shù)字 PID 控制 河南城建學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） Abstract II Abstract With the improvement of control theory and electric technology, the intelligent control for industry has been acplishing. The digital controller based on Microcontroller has been applied widely, as its cabi cubage, lowcost, abundant function, simple and convenient. PID temperature controller, as an important control device, has been widely used in producing chemical products, foods and many other fields. The paper mainly introduces the application of the digital PID control algorithm, which, at present, is popularly used in digital control system, in Microcontroller temperature control system. The hardware and software of the temperature control system and the design of relevant interface circuit are described in this paper. The reliability of the system is specially considered, and a series of measures are realized. According to the difficulty to control of the system, methods of system control are analyzed based on the system identification, and realized the control algorithm in the Microcontroller system. The experiment data shows that the design of temperature control system based on Microcontroller is availability and rationality. Key words: Microcontroller, Temperature Control System, digital PID control 河南城建學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 目錄 III 目錄 摘要 ......................................................................................................................................................................................Ⅰ Abstract...........................................................................................................................................................................Ⅱ 第一章 緒論 ....................................................................................................................................................................1 概述 ..........................................................................................................................................................................1 溫度測控技術(shù)的發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................................................1 定值開關(guān)控溫法 ................................................................................................................................2 PID 線性控溫法 .................................................................................................................................2 智 能溫度控制法 .................................................................................................................................3 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計方案 ........................................................................................................................................3 系統(tǒng)性能要求及特點 .....................................................................................................................3 系統(tǒng)硬件方案分析 ...........................................................................................................................4 系統(tǒng)軟件方案分析 ...........................................................................................................................5 本文主要工作及章節(jié)安排 ........................................................................................................................6 本文主要工作 ......................................................................................................................................6 本文結(jié)構(gòu) 安排 ......................................................................................................................................6 第二章 系統(tǒng) 硬件設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................................................7 系統(tǒng)硬件總體結(jié)構(gòu) .........................................................................................................................................7 主控模塊器件選型及設(shè)計 ........................................................................................................................7 單片機的選用 ......................................................................................................................................7 單片機介紹 ............................................................................................................................................8 主控模塊設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................................................9 輸入通道設(shè)計 ..................................................................................................................................................10 Pt100 溫度傳感器 ...........................................................................................................................10 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ..................................................................................................................................................12 輸出通道設(shè)計 ..................................................................................................................................................14 溫控箱的功率調(diào)節(jié)方式 .............................................................................................................14 可控硅輸出電路 .......