andspeaking如何寫說服性短文和進(jìn)行演講(已修改)
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【正文】 Effective Persuasion in Writing and Speaking Learning Objectives After this session, you should be able to… ? Distinguish between persuasive writing and other writing types such as exposition. ? Use a set of persuasive devices and evaluate others’ writing and speaking critically in light of such devices. ? Speak and write reasonably and logically through effective persuasion. ? Persuasively argue about topics relevant to daily life, academic pursuit, career and other contexts. ? Write a persuasive poem for publicservice announcements. Modes of Writing Exposition 1 Persuasion / Argumentation 2 Description 3 Narration 4 ?Communications may be divided into four modes (types). They are the basic writing types. To explain or inform To convince or persuade To create in words a picture of a person, place, object, or feeling To tell a story or recount an event What is Persuasive Writing? Definition: In a persuasive essay, … you must take a position either for or against something。 You are writing to convince your reader to believe or do something。 In other words, there will be a call to action in a persuasive essay. Significance of persuasion ? Men are not governed by justice, but by law or persuasion. When they refuse to be governed by law or persuasion, they have to be governed by force or fraud, or both. Bernard Shaw Leadin Task 1 (1 minute) When to Persuade an Audience ? Directions: Can you think of other persuasive contexts? Work in groups. Find out as many situations as you can where you need to persuade others. . ? You persuade your teacher never to give homework again. ? You persuade your mom to let you wear a hairstyle she doesn’t like. ? You persuade your friend to join an association with you. Outline of a Persuasive Essay ? Introduction ? Body paragraphs Opposing view and counterargument Develop one paragraph to accurately explain the most significant opposing view and then refute it, before or after presenting your supporting points. ? Conclusion Creatively restate your main idea. Persuasive Strategies in Speaking and Writing 1. Understand your Audience 2. Build mon ground 3. Predict the opposing views and create a strong counterargument to refute them 4. Support your perspective with reliable sources Understand Your Audience ? Relate your audience to your topic. ? Appeal to their hearts as well as their minds. –Use anecdotes when appropriate. –Paint your topic in with plenty of details appeal to reason appeal to emotion Establish mon ground with your audience . Point of Opposition: You might support a war, whereas your audience might not. Common ground: Both sides want to see t
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