AbstractAs China39。s economy continues to develop and continue to accelerate the process of globalization of the world economy, accounting has bee a world recognized the language of business. With the progress of the business munity, the accounting features are also more powerful. The financial statements as an accounting achieve functional carrier also plays an increasingly important role, it can be detailed and systematic record of the whole process of an enterprise economic activity. The financial statements can easily understand a pany39。s business situation。 investors can easily determine whether the pany can be profitable. World Investment guru Warren Buffett even more important role in the financial statements for the affirmative, before he invested in a pany to assess the most important way is through financial statements. Investors are concerned not only financial statements, even creditors and other businessrelated groups are concerned about the financial statements. When making decisions they would first analyze the operation of this enterprise, it is important to analyze the material through the financial statements. Of course, these figures only analyze financial statements and cannot get meaningful results。 the analysis of financial statements requires the use of appropriate methods. Through proper analysis of financial statements, bined with a prehensive analysis of the actual process of removing a number of other factors not related to the ine statement and statements, balance sheets and other financial statements is analyzed. Currently, the method for the analysis of financial statements includes a ratio analysis, parative analysis and trend analysis method. In this paper, the use of ratio analysis method to analyze the report, bined with other methods of China Shenhua Energy Company Limited has analyzed the financial position, results of operations and the pany39。s evaluation. However, the financial statements due to its limitations and the analysis of financial statements with unity, so that the entire financial analysis also has some limitations, need further modification and improvement. Keywords: Listed panies。 Financial statements。 Financial analysis 目 錄 TOC \o 13 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814792 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc382814792 \h I HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814793 Abstract PAGEREF _Toc382814793 \h III HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814795 第1章 緒論 PAGEREF _Toc382814795 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814796 論文的寫(xiě)作背景 PAGEREF _Toc382814796 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814797 論文的寫(xiě)作目的和意義 PAGEREF _Toc382814797 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814798 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 PAGEREF _Toc382814798 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814799 國(guó)際財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析現(xiàn)狀 PAGEREF _Toc382814799 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814800 我國(guó)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析現(xiàn)狀 PAGEREF _Toc382814800 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814801 論文的主要思路 PAGEREF _Toc382814801 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814802 第2章 相關(guān)理論綜述 PAGEREF _Toc382814802 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814803 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表相關(guān)理論 PAGEREF _Toc382814803 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814804 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表的定義和內(nèi)涵 PAGEREF _Toc382814804 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814805 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析的主體、對(duì)象和目的 PAGEREF _Toc382814805 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814806 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析的原則和步驟 PAGEREF _Toc382814806 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814807 上市公司財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告的類(lèi)別 PAGEREF _Toc382814807 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814808 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析的指標(biāo) PAGEREF _Toc382814808 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814809 償債能力指標(biāo) PAGEREF _Toc382814809 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814810 盈利能力指標(biāo) PAGEREF _Toc382814810 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814811 營(yíng)運(yùn)能力指標(biāo) PAGEREF _Toc382814811 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814812 現(xiàn)金流量指標(biāo) PAGEREF _Toc382814812 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814813 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表的分析方法 PAGEREF _Toc382814813 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814814 比率分析法 PAGEREF _Toc382814814 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814815 比較分析法 PAGEREF _Toc382814815 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814816 趨勢(shì)分析法 PAGEREF _Toc382814816 \h 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814817 本章小結(jié) PAGEREF _Toc382814817 \h 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814818 第3章 目前財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析存在的問(wèn)題 PAGEREF _Toc382814818 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814819 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析指標(biāo)的局限性 PAGEREF _Toc382814819 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814820 企業(yè)償債能力 PAGEREF _Toc382814820 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814821 企業(yè)盈利能力 PAGEREF _Toc382814821 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814822 企業(yè)營(yíng)運(yùn)能力 PAGEREF _Toc382814822 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l _Toc382814823 企業(yè)現(xiàn)金流量指標(biāo) PAGEREF _Toc382814823 \h 13 HYP