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本科畢業(yè)設(shè) 計(jì)( 論 文) 題 目 基于 PLC 控制的交流 電機(jī)變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 教學(xué)院系 電氣信息學(xué)院 專業(yè)年級(jí) 指導(dǎo)教師 職 稱 單 位 電氣信息學(xué)院 輔導(dǎo)教師 職 稱 單 位 完成日期 2020 年 6 月 9 日 Southwest Petroleum University Graduation Thesis AC motor speed control system based on PLC control Grade: Name: Major: Automation Instructor: School of Electronics and Information Engineering 20206 摘要 交流電機(jī) 作為運(yùn)動(dòng)控制的關(guān)鍵部分,在油田注水中起著十分重要的作用。 本 設(shè)計(jì)是 基于羅克韋爾 PLC 的交流 電機(jī) 變頻 調(diào)速系統(tǒng),完成數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)采集、控制量實(shí)時(shí)輸出和控制過(guò)程的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,達(dá)到系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)快速、控制精確的目的。 論文 以羅克韋爾 PLC 作為控制器,變頻器作為執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu),異步電機(jī)作為控制對(duì)象,測(cè)速發(fā)電 機(jī)作為檢測(cè)機(jī)構(gòu),在羅克韋爾以太網(wǎng)和控制網(wǎng)平臺(tái)上搭建控制回路。在控制器中加入 PID 控制,模糊 PID 控制, 單 神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID 控制,得到它們的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)曲線,并對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)性能和穩(wěn)態(tài)性能進(jìn)行對(duì)比。 結(jié)果表明, PID 控制使系統(tǒng)具有很高的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度,動(dòng)態(tài)性能較差;模糊 PID 使系統(tǒng)具有良好的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)和很高的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度 ; 單 神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID 控制有良好的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)和較強(qiáng)的魯榜性 。 實(shí)驗(yàn)證明通過(guò) 控制算法的改進(jìn) , 系統(tǒng)性能 得到了 大大提高。所以,PLC 交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)可以 廣泛應(yīng)用于 油田注水系統(tǒng)中 。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 異步電機(jī) ; 變頻 控制 ; PID; 模糊 PID; 單 神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID; 羅克韋爾 網(wǎng)絡(luò) Abstract AC motor as a key part of the motion control, plays an important role in the oilfield water experimental design an Ac speed adjustment system based on Rockwell automation PLC, pletes data realtime gathering, the control quantity realtime output and the controlled process realtime monitoring, achieves the system response to be fast, control precise goal. The system use Rockwell PLC as controller, frequency converter as actuator, asynchronous machine as controlled object, tachometer generator as feeler mechanism. Build the control loop in the Rockwell Ether and the control platform. Joins the PID control, fuzzy PID, Single neuron adaptive PID in the controller the control, obtains their dynamic response curve, and carries on the contrast to the dynamic property and the stable state performance. The result indicated that the PID control enables the system to have the very high stable state precision, but the dynamic property is bad。 Fuzzy PID enables the system to have the good dynamic response and the very high stable state precision. Single neuron adaptive PID control has a good dynamic response and strong adaptability. Experimental results show that the control algorithm, the system performance has been greatly , the PLC AC variable speed system can be widely used in the oilfield water injection systems. Keywords: Asynchronous motor。 Variable frequency control 。 PID。 Fuzzy PID。 Single neuron adaptive PID; Rockwell work 目錄 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................................ 1 應(yīng)用背景 ......................................................................................................... 1 研究目的和意義 ............................................................................................. 2 電機(jī)控制的現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ..................................................................... 2 羅克韋爾系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................... 2 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 ......................................................................................................... 3 2 基于羅克韋爾系統(tǒng)的交流調(diào) 速系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................ 5 研究對(duì)象說(shuō)明 ................................................................................................. 5 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................. 5 變頻調(diào)速原理 ...................................................................................... 5 總體設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 6 控制方案設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 7 硬件描述 ......................................................................................................... 9 控制器及 I/O 模塊 ............................................................................... 9 執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)及控制對(duì)象 .......................................................................... 9 檢測(cè)機(jī)構(gòu) ............................................................................................ 11 3 系統(tǒng)仿真 .................................................................................................................. 12 電機(jī)模型的建立 ........................................................................................... 12 控制 .......................................................................................................... 14 控制原理 ....................................................................................... 14 Kp、 Ki、 Kd 參數(shù)的作用 .................................................................... 14 仿真 ............................................................................................... 15 模糊控制 ....................................................................................................... 17 模糊控制基本原理 ............................................................................ 17 、 Kc、 Ku 參數(shù)的作用 .................................................................... 17 模糊仿真 ............................................................................................ 17 單神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID 仿真 ............................................................................ 19 單神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID 的基本原理 ..................................................... 19 單神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID 參數(shù)的作用 ..................................................... 20 單神經(jīng)元自適應(yīng) PID 仿真 ................................................................. 20 控制方案的仿真比較 ................................................................................... 22 4 程序設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................. 23 程序設(shè)計(jì)步驟 ......................................................................................... 23 建立通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò) ............................................................................