【正文】 畢 業(yè) 論 文 （ 設(shè) 計(jì) ）基于 MATLAB 的霧天降質(zhì)圖像 的清晰化技術(shù)研究學(xué)生姓名: 學(xué) 號(hào): 系 別: 專 業(yè): 指導(dǎo)教師: 評(píng)閱教師: 論文答辯日期 2022 年 5 月 26 日 答辯委員會(huì)主席 I摘 要隨著信息技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展同時(shí)也伴隨著人類工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的不斷前進(jìn)，空氣污染也越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。一項(xiàng)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，一年中大霧天氣所占的比例在逐年上升，而有霧天氣會(huì)給人類的生產(chǎn)生活帶來(lái)極大的不便。有霧天氣時(shí)，交通事故發(fā)生的概率大大增加。一方面，數(shù)字圖像處理已成為一個(gè)極其重要的學(xué)科和技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，在通信、語(yǔ)音、圖像、遙感、生物工程等眾多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。另一方面，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)與圖像處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展，戶外視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)的研究與應(yīng)用正在飛速發(fā)展。如地形分類系統(tǒng)、戶外監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)等的應(yīng)用數(shù)量在急速攀升。在惡劣天氣條件下( 如霧天，雨天等) ，戶外景物圖像的對(duì)比度和顏色都會(huì)被改變或退化，圖像中蘊(yùn)含的許多特征都被覆蓋或模糊，導(dǎo)致這些視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)無(wú)法正常工作。因此，從大氣退化圖像中復(fù)原和增強(qiáng)景物細(xì)節(jié)信息具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。MATLAB 是用于算法開(kāi)發(fā)、數(shù)據(jù)可視化、數(shù)據(jù)分析以及數(shù)值計(jì)算的高級(jí)技術(shù)計(jì)算語(yǔ)言和交互式環(huán)境。MATLAB 應(yīng)用廣泛，其中包括信號(hào)處理和通信、圖像和視頻處理、控制系統(tǒng)、測(cè)試和測(cè)量，計(jì)算金融學(xué)及計(jì)算生物學(xué)等眾多應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。在各行業(yè)和學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)中，有一百多萬(wàn)工程師和科學(xué)家使用 MATLAB 這一技術(shù)計(jì)算語(yǔ)言，MATLAB 中的GUIDE 是專門用于圖形用戶界面的快速開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境。主要針對(duì)霧天情況下獲取的降質(zhì)灰度圖像進(jìn)行研究。通過(guò) MATLAB 對(duì)數(shù)字圖像進(jìn)行處理，建立衰減模型。首先運(yùn)用空間域中的直方圖均衡化的領(lǐng)域處理后再經(jīng)過(guò)像素點(diǎn)處理，對(duì)像素點(diǎn)處理采用三種方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)灰度圖像的清晰化處理，即灰度線性變換法，灰度非線性變換法和灰度非線性和線性的綜合法。并對(duì)這三種方法得到的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，在有霧的情況下，第三種方法的去霧處理效果最好。關(guān)鍵詞：數(shù)字圖像處理，圖像去霧，MATLAB，灰度圖像清晰化II ABSTRACTWith the continuous development of information technology is also acpanied by human industrialization process to continue moving forward, more and more serious air survey data show that the proportion of heavy fog in the year increased year by year, and fog will give the production of human life cause great weather, the probability of accident is greatly the one hand, digital image processing has bee an extremely important disciplines and technological areas, has been widely used in munications, voice, image, remote sensing, bioengineering and many other other hand, with the development of puter vision and image processing technology, the research and application of outdoor vision systems are rapid development. Such as terrain classification system, outdoor monitoring system, automatic navigation system, the number of applications in the rapidly rising. In adverse weather conditions (such as fog, rain, etc.), outdoor scene image contrast and color will be changed or degraded, contains many of the features in the image are covered or blurred, resulting in the visual system does not work. Therefore, from the atmospheric degradation of image restoration and enhancement of the details of the subject has important practical for algorithm development, data visualization, data analysis, and numerical calculation of the highlevel technical puting language and interactive GUIDE of MATLAB is a quick development wide range of applications, including signal processing and munications, image and video processing, control systems, test and measurement, calculation of finance and putational biology and many other applications. In various industries and academic institutions, more than one million engineers and scientists using MATLAB technical puting fog Get degraded grayscale image. MATLAB for digital image processing, the attenuation model. Then the processing of the first use of the spatial domain areas of histogram pixels treatment, the pixel points clear treatment process using three methods to achieve gray image, the gray linear transformation, gray nonlinear transformation Law and gray nonlinear and linear method. A parative analysis of the results obtained by these three methods. Experimental results show that the defogging treatment effect in the case of fog, the third method.Keywords: Digital Image Process, Image to fog , MATLAB, Gray scale image clarity III目 錄摘 要 .......................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT............................................................................................................................II1 緒論 課題研究的背景 ...............................................................................................................1 課題研究現(xiàn)狀及水平 .......................................................................................................1 課題研究的內(nèi)容與意義 ...................................................................................................22 數(shù)字圖像處理系統(tǒng)與開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境的簡(jiǎn)介 數(shù)字圖像處理系統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)介 ...............................................................................................3 MATLAB 簡(jiǎn)介和特點(diǎn) ..........................................................................................................43 課程演示系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................................................7 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)思路 ...................................................................................................................7 GUIDE 的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程 ............................................................................................................84 課程演示系統(tǒng)具體實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容 圖像的增強(qiáng)概述 .............................................................................................................14 圖像增強(qiáng)的基本原理和方法 .........................................................................................15 頻率域變換處理簡(jiǎn)介 ..............................................................................................16 空間域處理簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................................18 霧天降質(zhì)圖像的基本特性分析 .....................................................................................20 霧天降質(zhì)圖像的對(duì)比度指數(shù)衰減特性 ..................................................................20 霧天降質(zhì)圖像的模糊性特性 ..................................................................................21 霧天降質(zhì)圖像的時(shí)域特性 ......................................................................................21 霧天降質(zhì)圖像的頻域特性 ......................................................................................22 基于霧天降質(zhì)圖像的清晰化處理的的其他常用算法介紹 .........................................23 基于 MATLAB 降質(zhì)圖像的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果 ...............................................................................26 基于 MATLAB 降