【正文】 摘 要爐膛負壓是反映燃燒工況穩(wěn)定與否的重要參數(shù)，是運行中要控制和監(jiān)視的重要參數(shù)之一。爐內燃燒工況一旦發(fā)生變化，爐膛負壓隨即發(fā)生相應變化。因此，監(jiān)視和控制爐膛負壓對于保證爐內燃燒工況的穩(wěn)定、分析爐內燃燒工況、煙道運行工況、分析某些事故的原因均有極其重要的意義。本設計就是從鍋爐引風機方面進行爐膛負壓的研究。目前國內火力發(fā)電廠鍋爐風機大部分采用拖動電動機，其中 95％左右為交流異步電動機直接拖動，恒速運行。隨著電力經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展等，使電廠中的鍋爐風機在運行中出現(xiàn)了裕量較大的問題，另外根據(jù)電網(wǎng)調峰的需要，機組長時間處于低負荷運行狀態(tài)，使鍋爐的送、吸風機長期處于低參數(shù)下運行，對廠用電率造成一定影響。目前國內直屬發(fā)電廠鍋爐風機配備的電動機以 1 MW 左右居多，大部分都是采用恒速運行，造成很大的浪費。根據(jù)節(jié)能工作的要求，其中有個別發(fā)電廠已考慮或試用風機調速運行，解決目前風機運行中出現(xiàn)裕量過大的問題。風機調速有幾種方案，其中，應用最多的是變頻器技術，或加裝液力偶合器裝置。本設計對防城港2 機組進行分析、研究，了解其爐膛壓力和送、引風機之間的關系并對其控制系統(tǒng)進行分析。 關鍵詞：爐膛負壓,變頻調速,液力耦合器調速AbstractParameters stability, control and surveillance is in operation to one of the important parameters。 The situation changed once the heater bustion, chamber pressure corresponding changes occur immediately. When the boiler bustion system failure or unusual, the first negative, will be reflected in the chamber, then is the fire location, such as changes in flames and secondly is the steam parameters change. Therefore, surveillance and control of bustion chamber pressure to ensure that the status of the heater stability, the situation analysis of the heater bustion, flueoperation status, analysis of certain causes of accidents are extremely important. From the boiler airpressors designed for chamber pressure research.Most of the current domestic power boilers airpressors used Mercedes electric motors, which exchanges asynchronous motor for about 95% of direct fees, Hengsu operation. With the power of economic development, single units increased capacity and the development of science and technology, enterprise management improvements, the promotion of technological transformation equipment, the plant39。s boilers airpressors in operation emerged Yu larger volume, and according to the needs of power plants, generating prolonged low load operation, boilers send, smoking in a low longterm parameters of the operation of airpressors, electricity rates have an impact on the plant. . Current domestic airpressors with the immediate power plant boilers to electric motors are around 1 MW, mostly used Hengsu operation, causing great waste. According to the energy conservation requirements, including individual power plants have considered or tested airpressors governor operation, a solution to the current airpressors operation Yu remained problems. Airpressors governor several programmes, including most of the transducer technology applications, coupled with the installation of hydraulic devices. The design of the above two programmes parative study, a number of planttransformation can provide some remendations.Keywords : furnace pressure, frequency conversion mechanics, hydraulic coupling device governor目錄摘 要 .......................................................................................................................IAbstract……………………………………………………………………………………...II1 引 言 ..................................................................................................................1 本次設計的背景 .....................................................................................................................................1 本次設計目的和意義 ...........................................................................................................................12 爐 膛 壓 力 控 制 系 統(tǒng) 及 燃 燒 控 制 系 統(tǒng) 介 紹 ......................................................2 火電廠發(fā)電工藝 ....................................................................................................................................2 鍋爐燃燒情況以及對于爐膛壓力的影響 .................................................................................. 4 鍋爐燃燒系統(tǒng)的風機介紹 .................................................................................................................4 風機 ...................................................................................................................................................4 風機分類 .........................................................................................................................................4 軸流式風機和離心式風機比較 .......................................................................................................53 防 城 港 DCS 爐 膛 壓 力 控 制 系 統(tǒng) .....................................................................6 DCS 系統(tǒng)的概念 .....................................................................................................................................6 DCS 的特點 ....................................................................................................................................6 用 DCS 實現(xiàn)大型火電機組自動化的主要優(yōu)點 ...............................................................6 SYMPHONY 分散控制系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................................... 7 HCU 結構 ........................................................................................................................................7 HCU 的通信模件對 .....................................................................................................................8 SYMPHONY 系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡結構 .....................................................................................................8 SYMPHONY 系統(tǒng)主要軟硬件及其功能介紹 ...................................................................94 國 內 的 爐 膛 壓 力 控 制 系 統(tǒng) .............................................................................10 石門電廠爐膛壓力控制系統(tǒng)介紹 ............................................................................................... 10 石門電廠爐膛壓力控制方式 ...............................................................................................10 石門電廠正常工況下爐膛壓力控制方式 .......................................................................10 北侖電廠爐膛壓力控制系統(tǒng)介紹 ................................................................................................10 給煤機煤量與爐膛壓力 .........................................................................................................10 爐膛壓力控制