【正文】 摘 要隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，數(shù)控機床已是衡量一個國家機械制造工業(yè)水平的重要標(biāo)志。采用經(jīng)濟型數(shù)控系統(tǒng)對普通機床進行數(shù)控改造，尤其適應(yīng)我國機床擁有數(shù)量大，生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小的具體國情。本文對 C6150 普通車床數(shù)控化改造進行了深入研究，包括對機床關(guān)鍵部件參數(shù)的計算、對機床主傳動系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計、對機床改造方案優(yōu)化選擇、選擇合適的機床伺服系統(tǒng)，以及在改造中應(yīng)注意的事項等進行了詳細(xì)的論述。經(jīng)過改造后的機床已達(dá)到預(yù)期的功能和精度，完全能實現(xiàn)加工外圓、錐度、螺紋、端面等的自動控制，提高了原機床的生產(chǎn)效率。降低了勞動強度。關(guān)鍵詞：普通車床，數(shù)控技術(shù)，數(shù)控化改造AbstractWith the rapid devlopment of science and technology, CNC is being an important symbol to measure a country， s machinery manufaucturing level .Using economic numerical control system to transform General machine tools, adapts to our country which has large number General machine tools and is small scale production.The paper studied thoroughly the retrofitting technology on C6150 universal lathe ,including theutating of parameters of key ponents, the design of lathe structure ,optimization of the retrofitting scheme,as well as matters needing attention of reform in detail , result shows that the machine tools achieveed expected function and precision after retrofitting ,the machine can sufficienfly execute automatic control on outside diameter taper screw ends etc, it important the production rate of the machine and decreases the labor stress from the operator.Key words: Unversal Lathe Numerical Technology Numerical Control Transformation 目 錄1 緒論 ............................................................................................................1 概述 ........................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外數(shù)控機床的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ..........................................................1 國內(nèi)外數(shù)控機床改造的狀況 .........................................................2 機床數(shù)控化改造的優(yōu)點 ..................................................................3 機床數(shù)控化改造的必要性和可能性 ...........................................4 本課題的目的和意義 ...........................................................................52 CA6150 普通車床主傳動系統(tǒng)數(shù)控化改造 .............................................6 C6150 車床簡介 ....................................................................................6 原機床功能 .....................................................................................6 原機床精度 .....................................................................................6 原機床的主要技術(shù)參數(shù) .................................................................7 原機床的傳動系統(tǒng) .........................................................................8 普通車床的數(shù)控化改造 .................................................................8 總體方案的確定 ....................................................................................9 數(shù)控機床主傳動系統(tǒng) ............................................................................9 概述 .................................................................................................9 與普通機床比較，數(shù)控機床主傳動系統(tǒng)具有下列特點: ..........10 數(shù)控機床主傳動系統(tǒng)配置方式 ...................................................10 主傳動系統(tǒng)可按不同的特征來分類 ...........................................12 數(shù)控改造對機械傳動系統(tǒng)的要求 ......................................................13 無極變速傳動鏈的設(shè)計 ......................................................................13 主運動參數(shù)計算 ...........................................................................13 主軸最大切削功率及電動機的確定 ...........................................14 主傳動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 .......................................................................16 確定各級傳動副齒輪的齒數(shù) .......................................................18 軸及齒輪計算轉(zhuǎn)矩的確定 ...........................................................20 各齒輪副模數(shù)計算 .......................................................................21 各軸間中心距的計算 ...................................................................23 確定各軸最小直徑 .......................................................................23 齒輪參數(shù)的計算 ...........................................................................243 主軸組件的設(shè)計 ......................................................................................26 主軸組件的基本要求 ..........................................................................26 主軸 ......................................................................................................28 主軸的構(gòu)造 ...................................................................................28 主軸的材料和熱處理 .................................................................28 主軸的技術(shù)要求 ...........................................................................29 主軸部件軸承的配置 .........................................................................30 主軸主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的確定 ..................................................................36 主軸組件校核 .......................................................................................37 主軸脈沖編碼器的加裝 .......................................................................424 刀架及導(dǎo)軌部分的改造設(shè)計 ..................................................................44 刀架改造設(shè)計 ......................................................................................44 電動刀架的選擇 ...........................................................................44 電動刀架的工作原理及控制 .......................................................44 電動刀架的安裝 ...........................................................................46 機床尾座的改造設(shè)計 ..........................................................................46 機床導(dǎo)軌部分的改造設(shè)計 ..................................................................47 聚四氟乙烯基軟帶的主要性能 ...................................................47 聚四氟乙烯基軟帶的粘接工藝 ....................................................48 伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的選擇 ..........................................................................49 數(shù)控改造的控制方式選擇 ..................................................................50 步進電機拖動的開環(huán)方式 ...........................................................50 交/直流伺服電機拖動，編碼器反饋的半閉環(huán)數(shù)控方式 ..........51 異步電動機或直流電動機拖動，光柵測量反饋的閉環(huán)控制方式 .............................................................................................................51結(jié)束語 ...........................