【正文】 遼寧石油化工大學繼續(xù)教育學院論文脫乙烷塔部分摘 要丙烯是石油化工的原料之一，在原油加工中具有重要作用。由裂解氣凈化與分離工段的丙烯精餾塔分離出的丙烯除了用于生產聚丙烯外，還大量地作為生產丙烯腈，丁醇，辛醇，環(huán)氧丙烷，異丙醇等產品的主要原料。為了更好的提高生產能力，本著投資少，能耗低，效益高的想法，本設計根據設計任務書中確定的生產任務進行的，開工周期為8000小時/年，原料組成為乙烷、丙烯、丙烷、異丁烷，%，按其各組分的沸點和相對揮發(fā)度的不同使各組分分離。由于對丙烯純度要求極高，本文設計的精餾塔塔板數較多，丙烯塔較高。最后以優(yōu)化后的精餾塔結果為基礎，確定了該塔的設備參數，塔徑，浮閥塔盤，塔高，熱負荷，從而設計了塔底再沸器，塔頂冷凝器以及塔體主要設備。流程簡單，投資較少，操作較為簡單，基本可以滿足丙烯優(yōu)等品的工業(yè)生產。本設計采用多組分精餾，按揮發(fā)度遞減流程方案，兩塔流程設計即先經過脫乙烷塔塔頂分離出乙烷，再由丙烯塔精餾塔塔頂得到丙烯，%以上，丙烯作為產品出裝置為生產異丙醇提供原料，塔底的丙烷可作為商品出售或作為燒火油。設塔設備一般分為級間接觸式和連續(xù)接觸式兩大類。前者的代表是板式塔，后者的代表則為填料塔，在各種塔型中，當前應用最廣泛的是篩板塔與浮閥塔。設計時依次進行了物料衡算，熱量衡算，塔結構的相關工藝計算，換熱設備的計算及附屬設備的選型，并根據設計數據分別繪制了自控流程圖，設備選型方面主要按照現場實際，并兼顧工藝控制要求與經濟的合理性。隨著先進控制技術的興起，關鍵控制指標由定值控制向區(qū)間控制轉變，調節(jié)變量與控制變量的關系由單對單向多變量預估控制轉變。它是裝置控制技術發(fā)展的方向，正在逐步普及。為了為裝置以后上先進控制提供方便，我們在設計時，注意為塔頂溫度，塔底溫度，回流量等指標保留較大的操作彈性。關鍵詞：丙烯；脫乙烷塔；熱量衡算；物料衡算；丙烯精餾塔。Annual output of 98,000 tons refined isopropyl alcohol propylene Process Design Section Deethanizing TowerAbstractPropylene is one of raw materials for Petrochemical industry，it occupies an important place in the processing of crude oil. Rectifying column purified and seprated pyrolysis gas to get propylene that largely uses to product principal raw material of the acrylonitrile, butyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, propylene epoxide and order to improve production capacity with low investment and power,high benifit,Title I design production capacity is 98,000 tons annual output of isopropyl alcohol, started a period of 8,000 hours / year, material position of ethane, propylene, propane, butane, propylene is % in material, boiling point of each ponent and its relative volatility differences of degree of separation of each ponent. Due to high propylene purity requirement, this paper design the column plate number is more, the propylene tower is higher. Finally based on the results of optimized distillation, determined the equipment parameters of the tower, tower diameter, float valve tray, high tower, heat load, so as to design the bottom reboiler, the overhead condenser and tower body of the main equipment. Simple process, less investment, the operation is relatively simple, basic can satisfy the industrial production of propylene classy article.The design uses a multiponent distillation, the process by decreasing volatility program, process design the two towers that is, first isolated by deethane ethane tower, tower distillation top separated from the ethane , top of the propylene tower geit that propylene, the purity of %, and propylene as the product of a device to provide raw materials production and isopropanol, the bottom of the propane can be sold as a modity or as fires, oil. A tower equipment generally divided into two types: contact and continuous contact between level. Is the former representative of the plate column, the latter represents the packed tower, in all kinds of tower, currently the most widely used is the sieve plate tower and float valve tower.In turn the design of the material balance, heat balance, the tower structure of the relevant process calculation, the calculation of heat transfer equipment and ancillary equipment selection, and the data were plotted according to the design automation flow, selection of equipment in accordance with terms of the main site practical, taking into account the requirements of process control and economic rationality. With the rise of advanced control technology, the key control target range from the control value control to change, adjust the relationship between variables and control variables by a single pair of oneway transformation of multivariable predictive control. It is the device controlling the direction of technology development, is gradually spread. In order for the device to facilitate future advanced control, we design, attention to tower top temperature, the bottom of the column temperature and flow indicators are back to keep a large operation flexibility.Key words: propylene ,deethane tower, heat balance, material balance, propylene distillation column.III目錄摘 要 IAbstract II1 概述 1 1 1 1 丙烯精制生產方法的確定 2 丙烯精制工藝流程的敘述 2 3 32 丙烯精制裝置的物料衡算 4 4 4 脫乙烷塔的進料量及進料組成 4 脫乙烷塔塔頂及塔底的流量及組成 5 脫乙烷塔的物料平衡 6 丙烯塔的物料衡算 6 丙烯塔的進料量及進料組成 6 丙烯塔塔頂及塔底的流量及組成 7 丙烯塔的物料平衡 83 脫乙烷塔和丙烯塔精制工藝條件的確定 9 9 9 回流溫度的確定 10 10 塔底溫度的計算 11 進料溫度的計算 12 脫乙烷塔