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劉炳善 《 英國(guó)文學(xué)簡(jiǎn)史 》復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn) Part One: Early and Medieval English Literature 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people。 Denmark(丹麥) story。 alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此處可能會(huì)有填空,選擇等小題) 2. Romance (名詞解釋) 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4. Ballad(名詞解釋) 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry。 The Canterbury Tales (main contents。 124 stories planned, only 24 finished。 written in Middle English。 significance。 form: heroic couplet) 7. Heroic couplet (名詞解釋 ) Part Two: The English Renaissance 8. The Authorized Version of English Bible and its significance(填空選擇) 9. Renaissance(名詞解釋) More——Utopia 11. Son(名詞解釋) 12. Blank verse(名詞解釋) 13. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene”。 Amoretti (collection of his sons) Spenserian Stanza(名詞解釋) 14. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”(推薦閱讀,學(xué)習(xí)寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照,本文用詞正式優(yōu)雅,多排比句和長(zhǎng)句,語言造詣非常高,里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一讀) 15. Christopher Marlowe (“Doctor Faustus” and his achievements) 16. William Shakespeare可以說是英國(guó)文學(xué)史中最重要的作家,一定要看熟了。四大喜劇,四大悲劇比較重要,此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了,這些劇的主題,背景,情節(jié),人物形象都要熟悉,當(dāng)然他最重要的喜劇作品是 Hamlet這是肯定的。他的 son 也很重要,最重要屬 son18。(其戲劇中著名對(duì)白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會(huì)出選讀) 17. Ben Jonson個(gè)別戲劇的名字要能和人對(duì)上號(hào),如 Every Man in His Humor, 二外好像在這里出過一道匹配題,但是不用看太具體。 Part Three: The Period of the English Bourgeois Revolution 18. John Milton 三大史詩非常重要,特別是 Paradise Lost和 Samson Agonistes。對(duì)于 Paradise Lost需要知道它是 blank verse寫成的,故事情節(jié)來自 Old Testament,具體情節(jié)在課本 124 頁,另外要知道此書 theme 和 Satan的形象。對(duì)于 Samson Agonistes要知道它是 poetical drama,知道故事大概情節(jié)及其來源。另外 129頁到 130頁 brief summary中 5條要看。 19. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress 20. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne。 features of the school: philosophical poems, plex rhythms and strange images 21. Andrew Marvell 此人不重要,但他有一首名詩 To His Coy Mistress 22. John Dryden——“All for Love”(a tragedy)。 “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy”(Literary criticism)。 forerunner of the Classicism in Britain Part Four: The Eighteen Century 23. Enlightenment(名詞解釋) 24. Classicism(名詞解釋) 25. Richard Steele——“The Tatler” 26. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”這個(gè)比上面那個(gè)要重要,注意這個(gè)報(bào)紙和我們今天的報(bào)紙不一樣,它虛構(gòu)了一系列的人物,以這些人物的口氣來寫報(bào)紙上刊登的散文,這一部分要仔細(xì)讀。 27. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions 28. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”。 his workmanship (features) and limitations 29. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此書非常重要,要知道具體內(nèi)容,就是Gulliver 游歷過的四個(gè)地方的英文名稱,和每個(gè)部分具體的諷刺對(duì)象 。 “The Drapier’s Letters” and “A Modest Proposal”, 后一篇比較重要,要注意后一篇作者用的 irony也就是反諷手法。 30. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature. 31. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 當(dāng)然是 Robinson Crusoe比較重要,劇情要清楚, 179 頁這一節(jié)最后一段,有 Robinson Crusoe 的形象和故事中蘊(yùn)涵的早期黑奴的原形,以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意 Defoe 的 style 和feature,另外 Defoe是 forerunner of English realistic novel。 32. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison” 33. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一個(gè)和第三個(gè)比較重要,需要仔細(xì)看。他是一個(gè)比較重要的作家, 200頁 founder of the English Realistic novel部分要看 , 201頁第 3點(diǎn) features也要看,另外 Fielding也被稱為father of the English novel. 34. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy” 35. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal” 36. Samuel Johnson——“Dictionary”, “Letter to Lord Chesterfield” (the writers’ declaration of independence) 37. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The GoodNatured Man” (edy), “She stoops to Conquer” (edy), “The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays) 38. Edward Gibbon——“The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire” 40. Sentimentalism(名詞解釋) 41. Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”(英國(guó)詩歌里非常著名的一首,曾經(jīng)被譽(yù)為 “有史以來英國(guó)詩歌里最好的一首 ”) (a representative of s