【正文】 臺(tái)燈亮度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)電路設(shè)計(jì) I 摘 要 電子產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用非常廣泛，從交通工具到日常生活，從軍事武器到工業(yè)生產(chǎn)，無(wú)處不見它的蹤影。 電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展給我們的日常生活帶來了極大的便利。 從 70 年代后期起，隨著半導(dǎo)體光電子器件和硅基光導(dǎo)纖維兩大基礎(chǔ)元件在原理和制造工藝上的突破，光子技術(shù)與電子技術(shù)開始結(jié)合并形成了具有強(qiáng)大生命力的信息光電子技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)。 傳感器是一種物理裝置或生物器官，能夠探測(cè)、感受外界的信號(hào)、物理?xiàng)l件（如光、熱、濕度）或化學(xué)組成（如煙霧），并將探知的信息傳遞給其他裝置或器官。 模擬電子技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)主要研究半導(dǎo)體器件的性能、參數(shù)，模擬電子線路的 基本原理、分析方法及其計(jì)算。 本設(shè)計(jì)中給出的 雙控調(diào)光臺(tái)燈具有 “ 手控 ” 和 “ 光控 ” 兩種功能 ， 它是在普通手動(dòng)控制調(diào)光臺(tái)燈的基礎(chǔ)上加裝一光控電路 ， 使其能根據(jù)周圍環(huán)境照度自動(dòng)調(diào)整臺(tái)燈亮度 ， 當(dāng)環(huán)境照度較弱時(shí) ， 其亮度就大 ； 當(dāng)環(huán)境照度較強(qiáng)時(shí) ， 其亮度就小。該臺(tái)燈可適合學(xué)習(xí)者在合適的光線下學(xué)習(xí) ，以保護(hù)視力。 關(guān)鍵詞 光敏電阻 ； 可控硅 ； 導(dǎo)通角 ；臺(tái)燈亮度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)電路設(shè)計(jì) II Abstract Electronic products are widely used to daily life from traffic tools, from military weapons into industrial production, nowhere not see it in sight. The development of electronic technology to our daily life brought great convenience. from the late 1970s onwards, with semiconductor optoelectronic devices and silicabased optical fiber, two basic ponents in principle and the manufacturing process breakthrough, photon technology and electronic technology bined and formed began full of vitality optoelectronic technology and industry information The sensor is a physical device or biological ans, would be able to detect, feeling outside signal, physical conditions (as light, heat and humidity) or chemical position (such as smoke), and will discovery of information to other devices or ans. Analog electronic technology foundation research semiconductor devices performance, parameters, the basic principle of analog electronic circuit and their calculation and analysis method. Double control dimmer desk lamp given in this paper with a manual control and optical two functions, it is in the mon move light manual control based on the desk lamp of adding a lightactivated circuit, make its can be automatic adjustment according to the surrounding environment, intensity of illumination, when environment illuminance lamp brightness weaker, its brightness is big。 When environment illumination stronger, its brightness is small. This desk lamp can suitable for learners to the light of learning in the right, in order to protect eyesight. Keywords： photoconductive resistance； SCR； Conduction angles； lightactivate 臺(tái)燈亮度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)電路設(shè)計(jì) III 目 錄 摘 要 ..............................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 ................................................................................................. 1 前言 ........................................................................................................ 1 臺(tái) 燈的發(fā)展歷史 .................................................................................... 2 臺(tái)燈的市場(chǎng)前景分析 ............................................................................ 3 品牌容量分析 ................................................................................. 3 市場(chǎng)格局 ......................................................................................... 4 目前品牌狀況分析 ......................................................................... 4 第二章 光照控制自動(dòng)調(diào)光臺(tái)燈工作原理 ......................................... 5 普通 LED 臺(tái)燈的電路原理圖 .............................................................. 5 普通 LED 臺(tái)燈工作原理 ...................................................................... 5 光控臺(tái)燈的電路原理圖 ........................................................................ 6 光控臺(tái)燈工作原理 ................................................................................ 6 第三章 方案設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................... 9 光感應(yīng)部分 ............................................................................................ 9 光敏電阻的定義 .............................................................................. 9 .............................................................................. 9 ．光敏電阻的工作原理： ............................................................. 10 分壓器 .................................................................................................. 11 串聯(lián)分壓的原理： ........................................................................ 11 并聯(lián)分流的原理： ........................................................................ 11 張弛振蕩器 .......................................................................................... 12 張弛振蕩器電路圖 ....................................................................... 12 單結(jié)晶體管的特性 ....................................................................... 13 張弛振蕩器的工作原理 ................................................................ 14 臺(tái)燈亮度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)電路設(shè)計(jì) IV 晶閘管（可控硅） .............................................................................. 15 可控硅的概念 ................................................................................ 16 可控硅的主要工作特性 ................................................................ 16 可控硅的導(dǎo)通角 ............................................................................ 17 橋式整流電路 ...................................................................................... 18 橋式整流電路的概念 .................................................................... 18 橋式整流電路的原理 .................................................................... 18 橋式整流電路的輸入、輸出關(guān)系 ................................................ 19 第四章 硬件設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 21 原件清單 .............................................................................................. 21 器件的檢測(cè)方法 .................................................................................. 21 可控硅的檢測(cè) ................................................................................ 21 二極管的選擇及檢測(cè) ................................................................... 22 電容的檢測(cè) ..........................