【正文】 論文摘要在競爭日趨激烈的時(shí)代，商業(yè)銀行對經(jīng)營環(huán)境變化適時(shí)調(diào)整的能力和程度取決于它選擇的運(yùn)營模式。而本外幣業(yè)務(wù)一體化經(jīng)營管理是國有商業(yè)銀行改革中的重要組成部分，它既順應(yīng)了中國銀行業(yè)管理架構(gòu)改革的需要，也符合國際金融發(fā)展的潮流趨勢。隨著我國商業(yè)銀行外匯資金來源的不斷增加，其對資金運(yùn)營能力和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制能力的要求也隨之提高。而伴隨著我國外匯體制改革的不斷深入，特別是2005年人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革后，人民幣匯率浮動彈性將逐步增強(qiáng)，外匯頭寸總量、持幣結(jié)構(gòu)等的決策差異將直接影響著國有商業(yè)銀行的經(jīng)營效益。因此，只有建立國有商業(yè)銀行運(yùn)營有效的本外幣一體化管理體系，重新調(diào)整和歸并本外匯業(yè)務(wù)流程，才能適應(yīng)市場的發(fā)展變化及有效防范外匯市場的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。近年來，我國的商業(yè)銀行根據(jù)自身的不同情況，雖然采取了不同模式來實(shí)施本外幣一體化經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略，一定程度上解決了原來由國際業(yè)務(wù)部門統(tǒng)攬外匯業(yè)務(wù)的管理弊端。但是大部分銀行外匯業(yè)務(wù)分解的部門設(shè)計(jì)和部門職責(zé)劃分沒有打破傳統(tǒng)的思維定式，在經(jīng)營管理模式選擇、業(yè)務(wù)流程整合、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制等方面表現(xiàn)差強(qiáng)人意，制約了外匯資金的運(yùn)營效率。同時(shí)，以傳統(tǒng)的職能型組織結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)施考核的模式，形成了銀行內(nèi)部上下級之間、部門之間權(quán)責(zé)不清、相互推委的管理協(xié)調(diào)壁壘，既不適應(yīng)客戶對本外幣業(yè)務(wù)整體化的需求，也不利于本外匯業(yè)務(wù)的全方位拓展。而本外幣割裂的市場造成了資產(chǎn)配置的低效率,也不利于規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和把握獲利機(jī)會。j 宋宇，《橫向到邊 縱向到底——構(gòu)建全方位本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理模式》，《中國外匯》，2006。8。隨著匯率形成機(jī)制的改革，今后人民幣幣值的波動將日趨頻繁，波幅也將逐步增大；同時(shí)，人民幣升值的壓力，使銀行的匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也將日益加大。國有商業(yè)銀行面臨著很多過去未曾遇到的新問題、新矛盾，正處于一個錯綜復(fù)雜、變幻莫測的經(jīng)營環(huán)境中，商業(yè)銀行的流動性管理、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制能力和利潤增長存在著前所未有的壓力和挑戰(zhàn)。面對經(jīng)濟(jì)金融運(yùn)行態(tài)勢的新變化和國家外匯政策不斷調(diào)整的影響，國有商業(yè)銀行如何改變“貸款疲軟、利差收窄、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加大”的困難局面，調(diào)整難以為繼的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)營模式以迫在眉睫。只有加快實(shí)施經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)型，才能在變數(shù)日益加大的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境中贏得生存與發(fā)展的空間。但商業(yè)銀行實(shí)施經(jīng)營管理戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)型是一項(xiàng)非常龐大的系統(tǒng)工程，涉及到銀行經(jīng)營管理的各個層面，需要從多個維度全面進(jìn)行。本文僅從匯率政策的變化和調(diào)整對國有商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營管理模式的影響這一角度，來探討國有商業(yè)銀行本外幣一體經(jīng)營管理模式的選擇和應(yīng)用問題，并以農(nóng)行北京分行國際業(yè)務(wù)部的本外幣一體化改革實(shí)踐為實(shí)證分析，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)施本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理對國有商業(yè)銀行改革的重要性和采用這一模式的深遠(yuǎn)意義。關(guān)鍵詞： 國有商業(yè)銀行 本外幣一體化 匯率政策 經(jīng)營管理模式ABSTRACTDuring the era of boiling petition, both mercial banks’ ability to adjust themselves to meet the requirements of the changing environment and to what extent they can manage to do so mostly depend on the business running pattern they choose. The business running pattern of syncretism of local and foreign currencies is playing an increasing important role in the reform of stateowned mercial banks, because it to a great degree helps to materialize the reform of stateowned mercial banks. As the resource of foreign exchange fund is increasing continuously, we need to improve our abilities of capital operation and risk control. Going with the further development of China’s reform in foreign exchange system, especially after the innovation in formative mechanism of RMB in 2005, the floating elasticity of RMB will be enhanced, in addition, the total amount of foreign exchange and the decision differences of holding currency structure will directly affect the mercial banks’ running benefit. Therefore, only that we set up effective management system of syncretism of local and foreign currencies, restructuring the foreign exchange business process, we are able to be seasoned with the changes and developments of the market and keep away the risks hailing from the foreign exchange market.In recent years, although china’s mercial banks have implemented the syncretism of local and foreign currencies strategy in different ways based on their own situations, which somehow resolved the administrant problem, most banks didn’t break out the traditional thinking ways in designing the department structure and plotting out the functions of them. The choice of management pattern, consolidation of business process and risk control may not be wellpleasing and operational effectiveness of the foreign exchange fund was restricted to them. Going with the innovation in formative mechanism of RMB, fluctuation of RMB value will be more frequent and floating amplitude will be larger. At the same time, the pressure of RMB appreciation make the banks face with greater foreign exchange risks. China’s stateowned mercial banks e across many new problems and contradiction they never met before. As the stateowned mercial banks are running business in a plicated and changing environment, they must get ready for greater pressure and challenges in liquidity management, ability to control risks and creation of operational profits. In the face of new changes in economic and financial movement of the state and the influence of adjustment of the state’s foreign exchange policy, it is high time for mercial banks to consider how to restructure the traditional business running pattern. Only if we speed up the pace of transformation of operation strategy, mercial banks can obtain the space for living and developing in this changing era.This article aims at discussing the issue related to the choice and application of the business running pattern of syncretism of local and foreign currencies on the basis of the influence of the adjustment of state foreign exchange rate policy to mercial banks. Moreover, the demonstration analysis of Agricultural Bank of China’s reform in syncretism of local and foreign currencies strategy further emphasize the importance of implementation of syncretism of local and foreign currencies strategy to the reform of the mercial banks and the farreaching significance of utilization of this kind of business running pattern.Key words: stateowned mercial bank, syncretism of local and foreign currencies, foreign exchange rate policy, business administration pattern.目 錄前言…………………………………………………………………………………5一、 國有商業(yè)銀行改革與經(jīng)營管理模式分析…………………………………7（一） 國有商業(yè)銀行業(yè)的改革回顧………………………………………………7（二） 國有商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營管理模式分析及選擇…………………………………12（三） 國有商業(yè)銀行與外資商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營管理模式的比較分析………………16（四） 對國有商業(yè)銀行改革模式的制度分析……………………………………19二、 我國匯率機(jī)制演變歷程分析……………………………………………21(一) 我國匯率機(jī)制的演變歷程…………………………………………………22(二) 從匯率制度安排看匯率機(jī)制的特點(diǎn)……………………………………24(三) 我國匯率機(jī)制的前景展望…………………………………………………26三、 國有商業(yè)銀行外匯業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營管理模式實(shí)證分析…………………………28（一） 對農(nóng)行北京分行外匯業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營管理模式的實(shí)證分析……………………30（二） 人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革對商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營管理模式及業(yè)務(wù)的影響…46（三） 匯率改革對商業(yè)銀行金融創(chuàng)新的影響……………………………………48四、 對國有商業(yè)銀行本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理模式的探討…………………48（一） 國有商業(yè)銀行在發(fā)展外匯業(yè)務(wù)中存在的問題和制約因素………………49（二） 國有商業(yè)銀行本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理的優(yōu)勢分析………………………53（三） 國有商業(yè)銀行本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理中的業(yè)務(wù)流程再造………………54五、 對國有商業(yè)銀行實(shí)施本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理模式的建議……………57（一） 國有商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)注重在金融政策的調(diào)整中科學(xué)合理地設(shè)計(jì)本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理的模式……………………………………………………………57（二） 國有商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)健全本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理中的有效激勵機(jī)制 ……………………………………………………………………………58（三） 國有商業(yè)銀行需建立科學(xué)合理的本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理的業(yè)績評價(jià)體系………………………………………………………………………60（四） 國有商業(yè)銀行必須加強(qiáng)本外幣一體化經(jīng)營管理中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制………62（五） 國有商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)在強(qiáng)化經(jīng)營管理中提高盈利能力………………………62（六） 國有商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)注重對金融產(chǎn)品和品牌的形象管理……………………64（七） 國有商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)提高經(jīng)營管理中的創(chuàng)新能力……………………………65參考資料……………………………………………………………………………68論匯率政策的變化和調(diào)整對國有商