高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞總結(jié)改錯(cuò)資料(已修改)
2025-04-29 13:17 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 扶弱資料（六）非 謂 語(yǔ) 動(dòng) 詞所謂非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就是指它們不能在句子中單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。但它們又具有動(dòng)詞的特征，即可以有賓語(yǔ)（如果是及物動(dòng)詞的話）、可以有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化、可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。同時(shí)，它們又具有名詞的某些特征，即它們可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。一、動(dòng)詞不定式: 動(dòng)詞不定式（時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)）：主 動(dòng) 式 被 動(dòng) 式一般式 to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done進(jìn)行式 to be doing1. 作主語(yǔ):To say something is one thing, to do it is another.2. 作表語(yǔ): My suggestion is to carry out the plan immediately.3. 作賓語(yǔ): He decided to buy a puter. 4. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): Mr. Smith wants his son to bee a lawyer.[注]：在let, make, see, notice, hear等動(dòng)詞后面，作賓補(bǔ)的不定式均省去to. 如: He made a face and made everybody___________(laugh). 但是，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式則要加上to.如: We are made ________________(write) a position every week by the teacher. 5. 作定語(yǔ): He used to have a lot of meeting to attend. [注]：當(dāng)出現(xiàn)the first / second / last / only /best時(shí)，常跟不定式作定語(yǔ)He was the first man _____________ (get) to school this morning.6. 不定式作狀語(yǔ): To see what would happen, we stayed there. 二、分詞 （ 現(xiàn)在分詞 和 過(guò)去分詞 ）（一）Ving 形式（時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)）：主 動(dòng) 式被 動(dòng) 式一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done (be) poor, he couldn’t go to school. are interested in _____________ ( play) chess. question _____________________ (discuss) now is important. boy was afraid of ____________________ (leave) alone at home. (work) in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables.注：現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前（二）過(guò)去分詞（只有一種時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)）規(guī)則的：Ved ； 不規(guī)則的（記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表） 1. The boy went home with his homework _______________ (finish). 2. ___________ (see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞在語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)間方面有較大區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞表示的意義是主動(dòng)的，進(jìn)行的：the girl gathering flowers（正在采花的女孩）過(guò)去分詞表示的意義是被動(dòng)的，完成的：the flowers gathered this morning（早晨采的花）1. 作表語(yǔ): The news is very exciting. / They are very excited at the news.2. 作定語(yǔ): Don’t disturb the sleeping child. / The arrested thief will be sentenced soon.3. 作賓補(bǔ): He likes to sit on the beach and watch the seagulls flying. / The work left everyone exhausted.[注]： 有些動(dòng)詞如see, hear, feel, notice, watch等既可跟現(xiàn)在分詞，也可跟不帶to的不定式作復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。它們的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在分詞著重說(shuō)明動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；不定式著重說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程I saw the boys climbing the wall. 我看見(jiàn)孩子在爬墻。I saw the boys climb the wall. 我看見(jiàn)孩子爬墻了。4. 作狀語(yǔ): They stood there waiting for the busHearing the knock on the door, they stopped t
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