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非謂語動詞 ? 非謂語動詞:不能單獨作謂語,但是可以幫助構(gòu)成謂語。 ? 非謂語動詞包括: doing ,done ,to do ? 分詞: ? Doing 主動,進(jìn)行 ? Being done 被動,進(jìn)行 ? Having done 主動完成, (不作定語) ? Having been done 被動,完成,(不作定語) ? Done 被動,完成 ? 1) 分詞作定語( doing, being done ,done ) ? 如果被修飾詞和分詞中的動詞之間的關(guān)系是主動關(guān)系,就用 doing 作定語,如果被修飾詞和分詞中的動詞之間的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系,就用 done 作定語。 ? The book written by Lu Xun is very impressive. (write) ? The meeting being held now is about environmental protection. (hold) ? The meeting held yesterday was about environmental protection. (hold) ? The children playing by the riverside are my sisters and brothers. (play) ? 2) 分詞作狀語 ? 分詞作狀語,句子的主語就是分詞的邏輯主語(意思上的主語),分析句子的主語和分詞中的動詞之間的主被動關(guān)系,如果是主動關(guān)系,要用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,如果是被動關(guān)系要用過去分詞作定語 ? Seen from the top of the hill, the village looks even smaller. ? Seeing the village from the top of the hill, we find it even smaller. ? A. Seeing B. Seen ? Having done 和 having been done 表示它們自身的動作發(fā)生在句子的謂語動詞之前。 ? Having struggled to look for a job for half a year, he finally took a position in a restaurant. ? Doing 動名詞一般作主語,賓語,表語,定語 ? 1)作主語 ? Listening to teachers in class is very important. ? 動名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 ? 2)動名詞作賓語(放在介詞或者是及物動詞后面) ? 只能加 doing做賓語的及物動詞和動詞短語 ? Enjoy ,finish, miss(錯過 ), excuse(原諒 ), admit(承認(rèn) ), avoid(避免 ), imagine(想