【正文】
基于“超額遞減賠償制度”的消費者小額權益保護內容提要:“退一賠一制度”由于其固有的缺陷對小額欺詐消費沒有明顯約束力。它不僅不能保護消費者的大量小額權益,激勵消費者與不法經營作斗爭,反而誘導了商家從事不法經營的機會主義行為。這是法律制度資源的巨大浪費。在利害關系小的領域設計出有效的法律救濟措施極為必要。建立相對均衡的“超額遞減賠償制度”代替“退一賠一制度”,對市場經濟條件下全面保護消費者權益,維護正常經濟秩序具有重要意義。Abstract The system to Return one and Compensate one has no obvious binding force to the small sum cheat consumption action because of its proper blemish. It can39。t not only protect the large quantity small sum rights of the consumers, and encourage the consumers to make the conflict with the illegal proprietors, on the contrary, it induces the opportunism behavior of illegal operating. This is a huge waste of the law system resource. It is extremely necessary to design the validity law relief in the small sum advantages and disadvantages relation field. It has the important meaning to protect the consumer rights pletely and maintain market economy rule in gear by establishing the system to pensate in descent by excess instead of the system to Return one and Compensate one.關鍵詞:退一賠一制度 超額遞減賠償制度 法經濟分析一、“退一賠一制度”的積極作用長期以來,我國民法理論關于民事責任主要是傾向補償為主原則(懲罰性違約金除外),不論是違約責任還是侵權責任,一般堅持“損失多少賠多少”的原則。而《消費者權益保護法》第四十九條(以下簡稱《消法》第四十九條)規(guī)定:“經營者提供商品或者服務有欺詐行為的,應當按照消費者的要求增加賠償其受到的損失,增加賠償?shù)慕痤~為消費者購買商品的價款或者接受服務的費用的一倍?!边@一條規(guī)定打破了我國大陸法系單純的補償性民事責任制度,意味著受害人(消費者)獲得的賠償,不再僅僅是其遭受的