【正文】 施工技術(shù)培訓(xùn)資料 1 第一章 樁 ........................................................................................................................... 3 ......................................................................................................................... 3 ．按承載性狀分類 ......................................................................................................... 3 ．按成樁方法與工藝分類 ............................................................................................... 3 ........................................................................................................... 3 ．機(jī)具設(shè)備 .................................................................................................................... 3 ．施工工藝方法要點 ...................................................................................................... 3 ．施工常遇問題及防治處理方法 .................................................................................... 4 ........................................................................................................ 5 樁 ............................................................................................................... 5 .................................................................................................... 5 ．施工工藝方法要點 ...................................................................................................... 6 ................................................................. 6 ．施工常遇問題及防治處理方法 .................................................................................... 6 ........................................................................................................ 8 ............................................................................................. 8 ...................................................................................................................... 9 .................................................................................................... 9 ．挖孔及挖孔擴(kuò)底樁常遇問題及預(yù)防、處理方法 ...........................................................10 .......................................................................................................10 ............................................................................................................................ 11 .............................................................................................................. 11 ...................................................................................................12 、處理方法 ...........................................................................13 .......................................................................................................14 第三章 混凝土工程 ..............................................................................................................15 ...................................................................................................15 ．原材料準(zhǔn)備 ...............................................................................................................15 混凝土的澆筑和養(yǎng)護(hù) .....................................................................................................15 ．主要機(jī)具準(zhǔn)備 ............................................................................................................15 ．施工工藝 ...................................................................................................................15 ．混凝土澆筑與振搗的一般要求 ...................................................................................15 ．柱、墻（剪力墻、電梯井）混凝土澆筑 .....................................................................16 ．樓梯混凝土澆筑 ........................................................................................................16 ．梁、板混凝土澆筑 .....................................................................................................16 ．施工縫的處理 ............................................................................................................16 ．混凝土的養(yǎng)護(hù) ............................................................................................................17 ．質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...................................................................................................................17 ．外觀質(zhì)量 .................................................................................................................17 ．尺寸偏差 .................................................................................................................18 3．應(yīng)注意的質(zhì)量問題 ........................................................................................................19 ．墻 體、柱爛根： ........................................................................................................19 ．蜂窩： .......................................................................................................................19 ．露筋： .......................................................................................................................19 ．麻面： .......................................................................................................................19 ．孔洞： .......................................................................................................................20 ．縫隙與夾渣層 ............................................................................................................20 ．混凝土裂縫 ...............................................................................................................20 施工縫、后澆帶的設(shè)置 .................................................................................................21 ．施工縫的留設(shè)位置 .....................................................................................................21 ．施工縫的處理 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