【正文】 Seminar for Carriage of Dangerous Goods 05 July 2002GL ASEA BusanY. S. KimBrief InstructionThere is a tremendous variety of dangerous cargoes being carried on seagoing ships, to some extent in very large quantities. Dangerous goods are mainly mineral oils and products of the chemical industry which may represent a danger for the crew, the ship and environment. This has been taken account by the IMO in the international Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, SOLAS. The carriage of dangerous goods in general is dealt with in SOLAS Chapter VII, covering chemical tankers in Part B, gas carriers in Part C and the carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form or in solic form in bulk is contained in Part A.Part A of SOLAS Chapter VII contains general requirements covering mainly operational aspects and applies to all ships, including cargo shipes of less than 500 gross tons, carrying dangerous goods. Part A of SOLAS Chapter VII is the legal base for the “International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code“ (IMDG Code) and the “Code of Safety Practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes“ (BC Code). There codes contain the specific requirements with regard to packing, labelling , stowage, segregation and other operational aspects.In Regulation 2 of SOLAS Chapter VII, Part A dangerous goods are classified according to their specific properties:Class 1 ExplosiveClass Flammable GasesClass Nonflammable GasesClass Poisonous GasesClass Flammable liquids with flash point of 23176。C and belowClass Flammable liquids with flash point above 23176。C up to 61176。CClass Flammable solidsClass Substances liable to spontaneous bustionClass Substances, which, in contact with water, emit flammable gasesClass Oxidizing substancesClass Organic substancesClass Toxic substancesClass Infectious substancesClass 7 Radioactive materialsClass 8 Corrosives (liquids and solid forms)Class 9 Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articlesFor the details of the classification of the dangerous goods, refer to IMGD Code as attached.Dangerous substances in packaged form are to be shipped in approved packagings as specified in the IMDG code for each substance individually, including a limitation of the filling capacity. Common packagings are boxes, drums, pressure cylinders etc. These parcelled goods are either be stowed directly in the cargo hold or inside a freight container. Goods stowed in tank containers, bulk containers or big bags are considered packaged as well. Please note that bulk cargoes mean cargoes which are intended to be transported without any intermediate form of containment in bulk packagings or portable tanks.Stowage requirements specify, among other things, restrictions related to the distance to living quarters and to engine room boundaries, or whether on deck or under deck stowage is permitted or stowage on passenger ships.Segregation is required for inpatible goods like substances, which stowed together, present a risk for undue hazards in case of leakage or spillage.Regulations and ProvisionSOLAS II2, Reg. 54 Specific requirements for ships carrying dangerous goodsThese regulations specify the required installations and equipment in the cargo spaces for the individual cargoesSOLAS VII, Part A Carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form or in solid form in bulk.Application of the Rules and classification of the various goods. General information regarding packaging, marking, labelling, documents and stowage. IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods CodeSpecific provisions for each individual cargo with respect to packing, stowage and segregation duing the transport. To be onboard if goods in packaged form are carried.BC Code Code of Safe Practice for Solid Bulk CargoesSpecific provisions for each individual cargo with respect to stowage and segregation during the transport. To be onboard if buldk cargopes are carried.INF Code Code for the safe carriage of irradiated nuclear fuel, plutoniym and highlevel radioactive wastes in flasks on board ships. INF 1, INF 2, INF3 dependent on the total radioactive quantity. Class 7, not covered by SOLAS II2, Reg. 54.As indicated in the list of classes some goods are dangerous on account of their features (. explosive or poisonous products). Other goods constitute a hazard during the transport if they get in touch with other materials and thereby a chemeical reaction is caused, . development of ignitable or toxic gases after contact with water. Therefore,the cargo spaces concerned have to be provided with the fire protection and safety systems dependent on the scheme of the carriage of dangerous goods as specifified on SOLAS Chapter II2, Regualtion 54 in order to cope with dangerous situations which may evolve.It should be noted that a ship need not to ply with all the requirements indicated in the SOLAS II2, Regulation 54. The classes of dangerous goods which may be carried and possible restrictions are ascertained on the basis of the arrangements and equipment provided for each space and such stated in the “Document of Compliance for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods (Dangerous Goods Certificate)“.As attached, our Rules Chapter 2, Section 12, The tables and are used to determine the requirements to be fulfilled for particular classes of dangerous goods to be carried in a particular type of cargo space.Specific Requirements for the Carriage of Dangerous GoodsGeneral information regarding the application of the Special Requirements of Regulation 54 of SOLAS II2 according to the scope of dangerous goods to be carried.The scope of dangerous goods, which may be carried, depends on the vessel’s outfitting.A. Transport of Dangerous Goods (.) in package formA minimum of such requirements as detailed here below has to be met in case . in packaged form shall be carried in a cargo hold:1. All cargo holds to be