【正文】 . . . . .【同步教育信息】一. 本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：初升高英語銜接班第3講總結(jié)it的用法和there be句型的用法二. 重、難點(diǎn)：（一）It的用法小結(jié)1. It作主語的句子（1）It指前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物（有時(shí)指心目中的或成為問題的人或事物）時(shí)，It是真正的主語。如：What’s this ? —— It’s a horse . 這是什么？——這是一匹馬。Who is it ? —— It’s me . 誰？——是我。It’s the wind shaking the window . 是風(fēng)刮得窗戶響。（2）It指時(shí)間、季節(jié)如：What time is it ? —— It’s nine . 幾點(diǎn)了？——九點(diǎn)了。It’s time for the meeting . Let’s go . 開會的時(shí)間到了，我們走吧！What day is today ? —— It’s Saturday . 今天星期幾？——今天星期六。What is the date today ? —— It’s Oct.（the）1st . 今天是幾號？——今天是十月一號。What season is it ? —— It is summer . 現(xiàn)在是什么季節(jié)？——是夏季。（3）It指氣候。Is it cold in this room ? —— No , it isn’t . 屋里冷嗎？——不冷。What’s the weather like today ? —— It’s fine . 今天天氣怎么樣？——是晴天。It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city . 這個(gè)城市夏天經(jīng)常下雨，冬天經(jīng)常下雪。（4）It指距離、情況等。如：It is five kilometres from my home to the school .從我家到學(xué)校有5公里。It is very near from this factory to that one .從這個(gè)工廠到那個(gè)工廠非常近。It is a long way to the sea .（這）離海很遠(yuǎn)。Is it well with you ? 你身體好嗎？2. It作形式主語動詞不定式、動名詞短語或從句在句中起主語作用，而這一部分用詞較多時(shí)，可用it作為形式主語，放在句首代表其后所說的事實(shí)上的、真正的主語，而把真正的主語放在后面。（1）It +謂語+動詞不定式。It作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正主語。如：It is difficult to climb a mountain . 爬山是很艱難的。It is a good habit to do morning exercises . 做早操是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。It is important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language . 在學(xué)習(xí)外語時(shí)適當(dāng)?shù)刈鲆恍┯兄谟洃浀木毩?xí)是很重要的。It is right to do so . 這樣做是對的。（2）It+謂語+動名詞短語。It作形式主語，動名詞作真正的主語。如：It is no use learning without thinking . 學(xué)而不思則罔。It’s useless arguing with a silly boy . 和笨孩子爭論是沒有用的。（3）It+謂語+名詞性從句。It作形式主語，以that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是真正的主語。如：It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film .你沒看這么好的電影，真可惜。It is certain that we shall succeed . 我們一定會成功。It is strange that nobody knows where he lives .真奇怪，誰也不知道他住在哪里。It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning .據(jù)說飛機(jī)明天上午十點(diǎn)起飛。3. It作形式賓語 It作形式賓語，代表其后所說的真正的賓語。真正的賓語是以that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句或不定式短語。如：I consider it wrong that you Chinese students learn English without paring it with your own language .我認(rèn)為你們中國學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語不和你們自己的語言比較是不對的。I find it not so difficult to learn a foreign language . 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)一門外語不那么困難。I remember I made it clear to you that I was not ing . 我記得向你明確表示過我不來。They want to make it clear to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job .他們要向公眾表明，他們在做一件必需做的重要工作。 4. It用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的結(jié)構(gòu)中it可用作先行代詞，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句型如下：It+動詞be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分（詞或詞組）+that+其他部分。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，可用who，whom代替that。如：Miss Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon .王老師每周一下午教我們英語。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語：It is Miss Wang who teachers us English every Monday afternoon .強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語：It is us whom Miss Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon .強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語：It is English that Miss Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon .強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語：It is every Monday afternoon that Miss Wang teaches us English .It was here that I first met him . 這就是我初次與他見面的地方。（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語）It is the people who（或that）are really powerful . 真正強(qiáng)大的是人民。（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語）（二）有關(guān)含有引導(dǎo)詞there的句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語“There + be+（not）”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“有（沒有）某人或某物”時(shí)，there是無詞義的引導(dǎo)詞，be是謂語動詞，它后面的名詞是主語，兩者在數(shù)上必須一致。句末往往有表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語。1. 肯定式（表示“有”）There+（助動詞或情態(tài)動詞）+be+主語+地點(diǎn)（時(shí)間）狀語。如：There is a picture on the wall . 墻上有一張畫兒。There are 24 hours in a day .