【正文】 《智能儀器設(shè)計(jì)》課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告學(xué)院： 太原理工大學(xué)信息工程學(xué)院專業(yè)班級(jí)： 自動(dòng)化0803姓名： 張勝超學(xué)號(hào)： 2008001129題目號(hào)： 27目錄零. 摘要..................................................................4 摘要..................................................................4 Abstract..............................................................5一. 設(shè)計(jì)目的及原理 7 5 5 5 5 6二．硬件設(shè)計(jì) 7 7 STC89C51簡(jiǎn)介 8 產(chǎn)品外觀 8…………………………………………………………...11 Pt100溫度測(cè)量接口技術(shù) 11 12 12 420mA電流輸出電路 13 13 15 15 15 通信電路 16 16 17三．系統(tǒng)流程圖軟件設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………..25　軟件設(shè)計(jì)算法分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 17 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．18 溫度數(shù)據(jù)顯示子程序........................................ 軟件設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)．．．．...........................................………………………19 21 系統(tǒng)流程圖............................................... .26 Protel99SE電氣原理 .................................................... PCB版圖................................................................五. 電路仿真的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 27 Proteus仿真軟件介紹. 仿真分析..............................................................六. 體會(huì)心得 27附錄１ c語言程序 28附錄２　參考文獻(xiàn)．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．第章 摘要　摘要：運(yùn)用單片機(jī)原理及應(yīng)用基于51與高速新型C8051F330單片機(jī)做的智能儀器是含有微型計(jì)算機(jī)或者微型處理器的測(cè)量?jī)x器，擁有對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)運(yùn)算邏輯判斷及自動(dòng)化操作等功能。它的出現(xiàn)，極大地?cái)U(kuò)充了傳統(tǒng)儀器的應(yīng)用范圍。智能儀器憑借其體積小、功能強(qiáng)、功耗低等優(yōu)勢(shì)，迅速地在家用電器、科研單位和工業(yè)企業(yè)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本次課程設(shè)計(jì)就是基于STC89C51單片機(jī)的數(shù)字測(cè)溫智能儀器。傳感器取被測(cè)參量的信息并轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)，經(jīng)濾波去除干擾后送入多路模擬開關(guān)；由單片機(jī)逐路選通模擬開關(guān)將各輸入通道的信號(hào)逐一送入程控增益放大器，放大后的信號(hào)經(jīng)A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的脈沖信號(hào)后送入單片機(jī)中；單片機(jī)根據(jù)儀器所設(shè)定的初值進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算和處理(如非線性校正等)；運(yùn)算的結(jié)果被轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行顯示和打?。煌瑫r(shí)單片機(jī)把運(yùn)算結(jié)果與存儲(chǔ)于片內(nèi)FlashROM(閃速存儲(chǔ)器)或EPROM(電可擦除存貯器)內(nèi)的設(shè)定參數(shù)進(jìn)行運(yùn)算比較后，根據(jù)運(yùn)算結(jié)果和控制要求，輸出相應(yīng)的控制信號(hào)(如報(bào)警裝置觸發(fā)、繼電器觸點(diǎn)等)。本次設(shè)計(jì)使用PT100熱電阻。目前的智能溫度傳感器(亦稱數(shù)字溫度傳感器)是在20世紀(jì)90年代中期問世的，它是微電子技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和自動(dòng)測(cè)試技術(shù)(ATE)的結(jié)晶，特點(diǎn)是能輸出溫度數(shù)據(jù)及相關(guān)的溫度控制量，適配各種微控制器(MCU)。社會(huì)的發(fā)展使人們對(duì)傳感器的要求也越來越高，現(xiàn)在的溫度傳感器正在基于單片機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上從模擬式向數(shù)字式，從集成化向智能化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的方向飛速發(fā)展，并朝著高精度、多功能、總線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、高可靠性及安全性、開發(fā)虛擬傳感器和網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳感器、研制單片測(cè)溫系統(tǒng)等高科技的方向迅速發(fā)展，本文將介紹智能集成溫度傳感器鉑金屬電阻的結(jié)構(gòu)特征及控制方法，并對(duì)以此傳感器，單片機(jī)為控制器構(gòu)成的數(shù)字溫度測(cè)量裝置的工作原理及程序設(shè)計(jì)作了詳細(xì)的介紹。與傳統(tǒng)的溫度計(jì)相比，其具有讀數(shù)方便，測(cè)溫范圍廣，測(cè)溫準(zhǔn)確，輸出溫度采用數(shù)字顯示，主要用于對(duì)測(cè)溫要求比較準(zhǔn)確的場(chǎng)所，或科研實(shí)驗(yàn)室使用。此外，智能儀器還可以與PC機(jī)組成分布式測(cè)控系統(tǒng)，由單片機(jī)作為下位機(jī)采集各種測(cè)量信號(hào)與數(shù)據(jù)，通過串行通信將信息傳輸給上位機(jī)——PC機(jī)，由PC機(jī)進(jìn)行全局管理。 本次課程設(shè)計(jì)采用keil編譯軟件編寫C語言源代碼。經(jīng)調(diào)試好后，裝載入單片機(jī)進(jìn)行仿真，完成智能儀器的核心設(shè)計(jì)。 關(guān)鍵字：STC89C51單片機(jī)，A／D轉(zhuǎn)換器，鉑金屬電阻，EPROM，智能儀器，數(shù)字測(cè)溫溫度計(jì) Abstract:Using single chip microputer principle and applicationsbased on 51 with high speed and new single chip microputer intelligent instrument do C8051F330 contains a microputer or micro processor measuring instrument for data storage operations with logic and automatic operation etc. Function. The emergence of the traditional instruments greatly expanded the range. Intelligent instrument with its small size, the function is strong, low power consumption advantages, quickly in home appliances, scientific research units and industrial enterprise in a wide range of applications. This course is designed based on the single chip microputer STC89C51 digital temperature measuring intelligent instrument.Sensor measured parameters to take information and translated into electrical signals, the filter remove interference into more road after analog switch。 By way of microputer choose the analog switch will each input channel one signal into programcontrolled gain amplifier, enlarge the signal after the A/D converter converted into the pulse signal into the single chip microputer after。 Single chip set by the instrument according to the initial corresponding data operation and treatment (such as nonlinear correction etc.)。 Operation result was converted to data display and print。 At the same time the operation result and single chip microputer stored in pieces (FlashROM (flash memory) or EPROM (electric can erase memory) set parameters in operations after parison, according to the operation result and control requirements, the output corresponding control signals (such as alarm device trigger, relay Implement contacts, etc.). This design uses PT100 heat resistance.The current intelligent temperature sensor (also called digital temperature sensor) is in the mid 1990 s came, it is microelectronics technology, puter technology and automatic test technology (ATE) crystallization, characteristic is to output data and related temperature of temperature control quantity, adaptation various micro controller (MCU). The development of the society to the requirements of the sensor to make people more and more is also high, now of the temperature sensor is based on the basis of single chip from analog to digital, from integration, network to the direction of the intelligent rapid development, and high precision, multifunction, bus toward standardization, high reliability and security, development virtual sensor and network sensor, development monolithic temperature measuring system and other hightech direction of rapid development, this article will introduce intelligent integrated temperature sensor platinum resistance of the features of the structure of and control methods, and to the sensor, a single chip microputer controller for digital temperature measurement device39。s working principle and program design is analyzed in detail. Compared with the traditional thermometer, it has convenient readings, temperature measuring range, temperature measurement accuracy, the temperature output digital display, mainly used for temperature measurement demand is accurated. the place, or scientific research laboratory use. In addition, intelligent instrument can also with PC unit into distributed measurement and control system, by single chip microputer as a machine acqui