【正文】 杭州新東方學(xué)校 羅瓊 托福寫作教程 ? ?15988850987 托福寫作介紹 ?綜合寫作 ?形式 : 讀 +聽 +寫 ?內(nèi)容 : 闡明觀點(diǎn)相互聯(lián)系性 ?分?jǐn)?shù)權(quán)重 : 1/2 ?時(shí)間要求 : 20分鐘 ?字?jǐn)?shù)要求 : 150225詞 ?獨(dú)立寫作 ?形式 : 議論文 ?內(nèi)容 : 對(duì)議題發(fā)表看法 ?分?jǐn)?shù)權(quán)重 : 1/2 ?時(shí)間要求 : 30分鐘 ?字?jǐn)?shù)要求 :至少 300詞 托福寫作分?jǐn)?shù)換算 ?30 ?28 ?25 ?22 ?20 ?17 ?14 ?10 ?9 ?8 ?7 ?6 ?5 ?4 應(yīng)試寫作的三個(gè)層次 ?寫得出 ?寫得對(duì) ?寫得炫 應(yīng)試寫作難點(diǎn) ?寫作本身難度大 , 是駕馭一門語(yǔ)言的最高境界 , 屬于信息的輸出 ,是邏輯、語(yǔ)法 、詞匯 、文化等的綜合統(tǒng)一 應(yīng)試寫作難點(diǎn) ?大腦一片空白 基本無(wú)話可說(shuō) ?綠葉對(duì)根的情意 ?Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 應(yīng)試寫作難點(diǎn) ?表達(dá)漏洞百出 可讀性相當(dāng)差 ?In China, because its tradition, the old is most raised by their children. ?In China, because of its tradition, the old are mostly supported by their children. 應(yīng)試寫作難點(diǎn) ?中式英語(yǔ)泛濫 考官哭笑不得 ?Pollution makes us cannot breathe fresh air. ?Pollution makes us unable to breathe fresh air. 應(yīng)試寫作難點(diǎn) ?口語(yǔ)痕跡明顯 好似娓娓道來(lái) ?I say it’s a good thing. ?Now I’ll tell you a story about myself. 應(yīng)試寫作難點(diǎn) ?表達(dá)捉襟見肘 詞句鮮有亮點(diǎn) ?越來(lái)越多的剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)找到好工作是越來(lái)越難。 ?More and more college graduates who have just graduated from university find that finding a good job is more and more difficult. ?越來(lái)越多的剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)找到好工作是越來(lái)越難 ?A growing number of fresh graduates find that obtaining a decent job is increasingly difficult. ?越來(lái)越多的剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)找到好工作是越來(lái)越難。 ?A growing number of fresh graduates find that being employed by a decent employer is increasingly difficult. ?越來(lái)越多的剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)找到好工作是越來(lái)越難。 ?The difficulty of being employed by a decent employer is on the rise, as the number of fresh graduates grows. 托福獨(dú)立寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ? 5分 :文章切題 ,闡說(shuō)充分 ,文章有說(shuō)服力 。段落組織有序 ,銜接緊密 ,過渡自然 ,有很強(qiáng)的邏輯性 。段落內(nèi)句與句連接順暢 ,句式使用恰當(dāng) ,靈活,成熟 。用詞確切 ,得體 .文章中有個(gè)別語(yǔ)法拼寫錯(cuò)誤 ,但不影響內(nèi)容表達(dá) . ? 4分 :文章切題 ,闡說(shuō)基本充分 ,在某些細(xì)節(jié)上有缺陷 .段落層次組織有序 ,銜接緊密 ,過渡自然 ,邏輯性強(qiáng) 。句間連接順暢 ,句式使用恰當(dāng) ,靈活 。用詞基本得體 .文章中有少量用詞不當(dāng)和語(yǔ)法拼寫錯(cuò)誤 . ? 3分 :文章切題 ,闡說(shuō)尚可 ,展開不夠 .段落層次組織有序 ,銜接緊密 ,過渡自然 ,有邏輯性 。句間連接基本順暢 。有部分句法錯(cuò)誤 。用詞一般 ,有時(shí)不得體 .詞性區(qū)分和拼寫等有若干錯(cuò)誤 . ? 2分 :文章切題 ,段落組織基本合理 ,有邏輯性 ,但只存在于語(yǔ)義層次上 ,語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上未能體現(xiàn) 。句子框架結(jié)構(gòu)基本成立 ,但有許多語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤 ,句間聯(lián)系不順暢 ,往往是不善于使用邏輯連詞 ,顯得幼稚 ,生硬 .詞匯方面拼寫錯(cuò)誤多 ,常有用詞不得體現(xiàn)象 . ? 1分 :文章切題 .闡說(shuō)沒有展開 ,只限于三言兩語(yǔ)地回答問題 。沒有段落組織 ,很亂 ,長(zhǎng)度很短 ,只有一段 。句子排列有一定的邏輯關(guān)系 ,能看出各句基本框架 ,但結(jié)構(gòu)或語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤較多 。用詞不得題 ,拼寫錯(cuò)誤多 . ? 0分 :文章各方面都有嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤 ,句子不像句子 .總體印象是根本沒有寫作能力 ,英語(yǔ)水平太低 ,夠不上 1分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ,只能打最低分 . 托福獨(dú)立寫作要求 ?謀篇 : 觀點(diǎn)突出 結(jié)構(gòu)合理 ?謀段 : 論證充分 言之有物 ?謀句 : 正確 多變 關(guān)聯(lián) ?謀詞 : 準(zhǔn)確 多變 托福獨(dú)立寫作題目分類 ?對(duì)比選擇型 ?支持反對(duì)型 ?自選論述型 ?問題分析型 托福獨(dú)立寫作的步驟 ?審題 內(nèi)容？ 形式？ ?構(gòu)思 頭腦風(fēng)暴 Outline ?行文 ?檢查 The first draft of anything is SHIT. By Hemmingway 對(duì)比選擇型 ?Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life. Others think that the automobile has caused serious problems. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Outline ?For ?方便高效 convenient amp。 efficient ?豐富生活 enrich lifestyle ?推動(dòng)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè) boost related industries ?Against ?耗盡石油資源 deplete fuel resources worldwide ?空氣污染 air pollution ?交通阻塞和事故 traffic jam and accidents Structure 結(jié)構(gòu) ?Introduction 總起段 ?Body 主體段 ?Conclusion 總結(jié)段 Introduction 總起段 ?Background 背景 ?Controversy (2 different / opposite ideas) 爭(zhēng)議 ?Statement 觀點(diǎn) ?Transition 過渡 Background 背景 ?Being a controversial issue, the great popularity of automobile has aroused a great deal of attention in society during the past decades. ?Nowadays, the issue on the great popularity of automobile is highly debatable, and ideas vary from person to person. Controversy 爭(zhēng)議 ?Some people think that it is good, other people think that it is bad. ?Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life. Others think that the automobile has caused serious problems. Controversy 爭(zhēng)議 ?Some would claim daily life has been upgraded due to automobile, while some others may suggest that severe problems are the results (which are) brought by automobile. ?Some would claim daily life has been upgraded due to automobile, while the idea that severe problems are the results brought by automobile is still held by some others. Controversy 爭(zhēng)議 ?Think → claim / suggest / believe / advocate / maintain / argue / suppose ?Good → beneficial / profitable / helpful / sound / decent ?Bad → harmful / detrimental / hazardous ?Advantage → merit / virtue / benefit / profit / pro ?Disadvantage → demerit / drawback / flaw / shorting / con / cost Statement 觀點(diǎn) ?簡(jiǎn)潔明了 concrete amp。 concise ?As for me, I side with the former / latter. ?As far as I am concerned, I believe automobile is indispensable in everyday life. ?In my view, it is much better to have everyday life without automobile. Transition 過渡 ?In the following paragraphs, I would present some reasons. ?A few explanations / examples would be presented as follows. ?Thus essential and persuasive evidences would be provided in the subsequent paragraphs to verify my perspective. Conclusion 總結(jié)段 ?Statement 觀點(diǎn) rewrite, not copy ?All in all / To conclude / In conclusion / In general / To sum up ?When all the abovementioned factors are taken into consideration, a conclusion could be drawn that … Conclusion 總結(jié)段 ?From my point of view, it is advisable to take advantage of automobile while eliminate its drawbacks. ?From where I stand, automobile can not be an essential factor in pursuing a perfect life. Body 主體段 ?To begin with / Firstly / First and foremost ?Secondly / In addition / Moreover ?In the third place / Furthermore / Last but not least Outline ?For ?方便高效 convenient amp。 efficient ?豐富生