【正文】 Review materials on Interpretation of Business English Chinese— by Tian Xiaoqing (2009)2007級(jí)專(zhuān)科商務(wù)英語(yǔ)口譯課復(fù)習(xí)資料教師：田曉晴Part One Interpreting Theories Definition of Interpreting: 定義：口譯是一種通過(guò)口頭表達(dá)形式，將所感知和理解的信息，準(zhǔn)確而快速地由一種語(yǔ)言形式轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種語(yǔ)言形式，達(dá)到完整和流利地傳遞、交流信息之目的的交際行為，是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)跨文化交際的基本溝通形式。（梅德明） Types of interpreting (I) According to its working form: Alternating, Consecutive, Simultaneous, Whispering interpretation and Sight or on sight interpretation.⑴ Alternating interpretation（交替口譯）即譯員同時(shí)以兩種語(yǔ)言為操不同語(yǔ)言的交際雙方進(jìn)行輪回交替口譯。這種口譯應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合非常廣。⑵ Consecutive interpretation（接續(xù)/逐步口譯）接續(xù)/逐步口譯是會(huì)議口譯使用最早的工作模式，如今主要用于會(huì)見(jiàn)會(huì)談、新聞發(fā)布等范圍小、時(shí)間短、語(yǔ)種少的場(chǎng)合。⑶ Simultaneous interpretation（同聲傳譯）口譯員組成小組，在配有專(zhuān)門(mén)同聲傳譯設(shè)備的隔音同傳間（俗稱(chēng)“箱子”）里工作。口譯員一面通過(guò)耳機(jī)收聽(tīng)源語(yǔ)發(fā)言人連續(xù)不斷的講話，一面幾乎同步地對(duì)著話筒把講話人所表達(dá)的全部意思準(zhǔn)確、完整地傳譯成目的語(yǔ)。與會(huì)代表在各自的接收器上選擇所需的語(yǔ)言頻道，從耳機(jī)中收聽(tīng)。同聲傳譯是當(dāng)今會(huì)議口譯使用最多的工作模式。⑷ Whispering interpretation（耳語(yǔ)翻譯）耳語(yǔ)口譯，也稱(chēng)“咬耳朵”翻譯。就是將一方的講話內(nèi)容用耳語(yǔ)方式輕輕傳譯給另一方。耳語(yǔ)翻譯一般需要譯員對(duì)原講話有高度的壓縮與概括，而且聲音不能太大，以免影響到附近的人。⑸ Sight/on sight interpretation （視閱翻譯/視譯）視閱翻譯/視譯是指譯員拿著講話人的發(fā)言稿，邊聽(tīng)發(fā)言、邊看原稿、邊進(jìn)行口譯。 Types of interpreting (II)According to its task, it can be classified into:⑴ Conference Interpreting(會(huì)議口譯)會(huì)議口譯員以同聲傳譯和交替?zhèn)髯g兩種口譯模式工作，為國(guó)際組織會(huì)議、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)見(jiàn)、外交會(huì)晤、商務(wù)談判以及各種研討會(huì)等提供清晰、可靠的專(zhuān)業(yè)口譯服務(wù)。⑵ Ceremony interpretation （禮儀口譯）禮儀性口譯的內(nèi)容多為宴會(huì)或大型會(huì)議前后的歡迎辭或致謝辭；開(kāi)幕或閉幕辭。⑶ Information interpretation（宣傳口譯）⑷ Negotiation interpretation（談判口譯）⑸Legal and Court interpreting(法庭口譯)或稱(chēng)為特殊口譯（specialpurpose interpretation），⑹Public Service interpreting⑺Personal Interpreting / Escort interpreting /Liaison Interpreting (隨行口譯/聯(lián)絡(luò)口譯) Types of interpreting (III)⑴Oneway interpretation（單向口譯）⑵Twoway interpretation（雙向口譯） Characteristic of interpretation178。 Extemporaneous（即席性/即時(shí)性）178。 Unpredictable（不可預(yù)測(cè)性）178。 Independence（個(gè)體性操作）178。 Stressful（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)氣氛壓力）178。 Comprehensive（語(yǔ)言技能多樣）178。 Miscellaneous（信息內(nèi)容廣泛） Quality criteria of interpreting178。 準(zhǔn)確流利：準(zhǔn)確是靈魂；流利是保障。 Basic qualities required of interpreters(口譯員的基本要求)178。 A strong sense of responsibility（強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感）。178。 A solid foundation of two languages（堅(jiān)實(shí)的雙語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)）。178。 Profound knowledge（淵博的知識(shí)）。178。 Good memory（良好的記憶能力）178。 Quick thinking（敏捷的思維）178。 Outstanding ability of understanding（超群的理解力）178。 Fluent expression of ideas（流利的表達(dá)）P4 1. strong sense of duty。2. a high level of linguistic proficiency。3. wide encyclopedic knowledge。4. a good mastery of interpreting skills.Unit One Protocol Routine（禮賓程序）I. Interpreting SkillsTwo Types of Preinterpreting Preparation(譯前準(zhǔn)備)1. Longterm Preparation2. Shortterm PreparationWhat and How to Prepare in the Long Run1. What to Prepare?the mastery of broad general knowledge and a large glossary。to improve their skills in decoding(解碼), message recalling（信息的回憶） and reconstructing（重建）。to listen actively。（積極地聽(tīng)入）memorize the information effectively。（有效地記憶）reexpress the message smoothly。（流利地表達(dá)）2. How to Prepare?keep on practicing field interpreting。（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯練習(xí)）reading widely and learning to collect information。（廣泛地閱讀和搜集信息）do more interpreting exercises and grasp every chance to do field interpreting。（大量地練習(xí)）read widely to enlarge their vision and get more knowledge and information。II. Phrase Interpreting (短語(yǔ)口譯)A. English to Chinese 1. recover from the jet lag 倒回時(shí)差 2. thoughtful Arrangement周到的安排3. hospitability 好客、熱情 4. souvenir 紀(jì)念品5. acmodations 膳宿、接待 baggage 提取行李7. proceed through the customs 通關(guān) 8. itinerary 路線9. farewell speech 告別講演、告別辭 10. adjust to the time difference調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)差B. Chinese to English為……設(shè)宴洗塵：hold/give a dinner in honor of 。 give a banquet。 gave a dinner in honor of our guests向……告別：bid farewell to。 part from sb.。 leave sb. 不遠(yuǎn)萬(wàn)里來(lái)到……e all the way from您先請(qǐng): after you久仰大名：I have long been looking forward to meeting you.歡迎辭：a wele speech or remarks贊美：pay tribute to 回顧過(guò)去：look back upon展望未來(lái)：prospect慢走：take careIII. Sentence Interpreting （句子口譯）A. English to Chinese 1. I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people and in my own name, our cordial greetings and best wishes to your people.我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府和人民，并以我個(gè)人的名義，向你國(guó)人民致以熱情的問(wèn)候和真誠(chéng)的祝福。2. We are gathered here today with great pleasure to wele Mr. Brown from ABC Company.今天，我們歡聚一堂，熱烈歡迎ABC公司來(lái)的布朗先生。3. It provides me with an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and make new ones.非常榮幸借此機(jī)會(huì)再會(huì)老友并結(jié)識(shí)新朋友。4. We are sorry that we shall be leaving. It is really a most interesting and rewarding visit.非常遺憾，我們不得不離開(kāi)了，但此次訪問(wèn)確實(shí)是非常有趣而值得。5. It was a real pleasure having you with us. We wish to thank you for ing.非常高興您的到來(lái)，非常感謝。B. Chinese to English斯密斯先生，歡迎您和代表團(tuán)所有成員來(lái)我公司訪問(wèn)，愿你們?cè)L問(wèn)愉快。Mr. Smith, I would like to extend our warm wele to you and the members of your delegacy. Wele your visit to our pany, we wish you can have a good day.中國(guó)有句古話說(shuō)：有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)不亦樂(lè)乎？There is an ancient Chinese greeting: “How delightful I am to have friends ing from afar!”請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)的貴賓們表示熱烈的歡迎和親切的問(wèn)候。Please permit me to extend my cordial greetings and best wishes to our distinguished guests ing from afar.如果你們對(duì)這個(gè)日程草案有什么意見(jiàn)和建議，希望坦率地告訴我們，我們將盡量滿足你們的愿望。If you have any ments and suggestions about this timetable, please will not hesitate to tell us, we will try our best to satisfy you.歡迎你們隨時(shí)再來(lái)，我們的門(mén)對(duì)朋友永遠(yuǎn)是敞開(kāi)的。Wele you visit here once again。 our door is open to our friends forever.PerformingText A 參考譯文尊敬的各位來(lái)賓，女士們、先生們：非常感謝你們熱情友好的歡迎詞。中國(guó)是最古老的文明發(fā)源地之一，訪問(wèn)這個(gè)文明古國(guó)是我多年的夢(mèng)想。這次訪問(wèn)使我有機(jī)會(huì)重見(jiàn)老朋友，結(jié)交新朋友。我為自己能訪問(wèn)貴國(guó)和這座美麗的城市，再次表達(dá)我的愉快之情和榮幸之感。我對(duì)你們?yōu)槲疫_(dá)到貴國(guó)后所做的安排深表謝意。作為在一家中美合資企業(yè)工作了兩年的美國(guó)經(jīng)理，我認(rèn)為中國(guó)人和美國(guó)人在經(jīng)營(yíng)管理中存在著差異?；诓煌奈幕瘋鹘y(tǒng)，我們的美國(guó)同事比大部分中國(guó)同行來(lái)得直率。我無(wú)法斷言我們的美國(guó)的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式就一定在中國(guó)之上。畢竟各有各的優(yōu)勢(shì)和弊病。近年來(lái)，越來(lái)越多的美國(guó)管理人員已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到中國(guó)人那種更具有人情味的管理方式的長(zhǎng)處。很高興我們能交換意見(jiàn)和信息，并達(dá)成共識(shí)。我希望在今后的日子里，我能有機(jī)會(huì)就此話題與各位交換自己的看法。謝謝！IV. Coordinating—Field Interpreting （現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯）Text BDavid: Hi! I am David Anderson, sales representative from Willa Company. Are you the representative from Zhong’an Technology Company?你好！我是戴維安德森，Willa公司的銷(xiāo)售代表。你是中安科技公司的代表嗎？Li: 你好！是的，我是中安科技外貿(mào)部的李華，歡迎來(lái)深圳。Yes, I am th