【正文】 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué) 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文） 題 目：水箱液位控制系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名：吳云鵬 學(xué) 號(hào)： 202267112231 專 業(yè)：測(cè)控技術(shù)與儀器 班 級(jí)： 測(cè)控 082 班 指導(dǎo)教師：李 剛 助教 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文） I 水箱液位控制系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 液位是工業(yè)工程中的常見(jiàn)變量，在各種過(guò)程控制中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。例如在食品加工、溶液過(guò)濾、化工生產(chǎn)等多種行業(yè)的生產(chǎn)加工過(guò)程中，通常需要使用蓄液池，而蓄液池中的液位需要維持一定的高度 ，既不能太滿溢出造成危險(xiǎn)，也不能過(guò)少而無(wú)法滿足生產(chǎn)需求。因此液位 高度是 工業(yè)控制過(guò)程中一個(gè)重要的參數(shù)，特別是在動(dòng)態(tài)的狀態(tài)下，采用合適的方法對(duì)液位進(jìn)行檢測(cè)、控制，能收到很好的效果。 本文以實(shí)驗(yàn)室自制的雙容水箱作為液位控制研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)上位機(jī)、研華的PCI1710L 板卡、電動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)閥、壓力液位變送器組成的控制系統(tǒng)和壓力液位變送器、變頻器、水泵組成的控制系統(tǒng)分別實(shí)現(xiàn)了單容水箱的遠(yuǎn)程控制和就地控制，并在文章最后理論性的闡述了雙容水箱的控制方法。 設(shè)計(jì)中以組態(tài)軟件 組態(tài)王為開(kāi)發(fā)工具，開(kāi)發(fā)了系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)視與控制界面，并且自己編程實(shí)現(xiàn) PID 控制程序，使系統(tǒng)具備了對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)過(guò)程數(shù)據(jù)的動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)視功能、歷 史數(shù)據(jù)的歸檔功能、異常信號(hào)的報(bào)警功能以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)操作的指導(dǎo)功能。 關(guān)鍵詞： 水箱液位； PID 控制；組態(tài)王； 變頻器； 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文） II The design of the tank level control system Abstract The liquid level is one of the mon variables in Industrial Engineering, the process control is more and more widely used. For example, in the production process of food processing, filtering solution, chemical production and other industries, liquid storage tank is usually used, and making the liquid level of liquid storage tank at a certain height is very important, neither too overflow to risk nor too short not to meet the production demand. Therefore, the height of liquid level in the industrial control process is one of the important parameters, especially in the dynamic condition. If adopt the appropriate method for the control of the liquid level detection, we can get good effect. The research object is based on the selfmade double tank level control system, through the host puter, the Advantech PCI1710L card, the electric control valve, the pressure liquid level transmitter, the frequency converter and the water pump we get two different kinds of the cascade control system for the single water tank of the liquid level control, respectively realized the effect of the remote control and local control. And at last, this article expounds the theory of double water tank control method. Choose the design of configuration software – King view for development tools, we have had the development of the system to monitor and control interface, and also have programmed PID control procedures that made the system has a field process data, dynamic monitoring historical data archiving function, abnormal signal of the alarm function and the guidance function of the onsite operation. Keywords: Tank level。 PID control。 King view。 Frequency converter。 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文） III 目錄 摘要 ................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 選題背景及意義 .............................................................................................. 1 液位控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................. 2 本文的主要工作 ............................................................................................. 3 第二章 控制 對(duì)象及算法簡(jiǎn)介 ...................................................................................... 5 被控制變量的選擇 .......................................................................................... 5 執(zhí)行器的選擇 ................................................................................................. 5 壓力液位變送器的選擇 ................................................................................. 5 研華板卡 PCI1710L 簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................... 6 模擬量輸入連接 .................................................................................... 8 PID 控制算法概述 ............................................................................................ 9 PID 控制器的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展 ...................................................................... 9 PID 算法類型 [1] ..................................................................................... 10 PID 兩種控制方式 ................................................................................ 11 第三章 基于組態(tài)王的單容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng) ........................................................ 13 組態(tài)王簡(jiǎn)介 [8] ................................................................................................. 13 組態(tài)王軟件的組成 .............................................................................. 13 制作工程的一般步驟 ......................................................................... 14 組態(tài)王與外部設(shè)備通信 ..................................................................... 14 控制方案選取 ................................................................................................ 15 上位機(jī)組態(tài)軟件的開(kāi)發(fā) ............................................................................... 16 監(jiān)控畫面 .............................................................................................. 16 構(gòu)造數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) .......................................................................................... 17 數(shù)據(jù)通信 .............................................................................................. 19 命令語(yǔ)言的編寫 ................................................................................. 20 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文） IV 實(shí)時(shí)曲線 ............................................................................................. 21 歷史報(bào)警查詢 [11] ................................................................................. 21 歷史曲線 ............................................................................................. 23 參數(shù)整定 ....................................................................................................... 25 第四章 基于變頻器的單容液位控制系統(tǒng) ................................................................ 26 變頻調(diào)速基礎(chǔ) ....................................................