外文翻譯---通過建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)以改善建筑物的抗倒性(已修改)
2025-01-28 12:08 本頁面
【正文】 外文原稿2The Twelfth East AsiaPacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction Design of Building Structures to Improve their Resistance to Progressive Collapse D A Nethercota a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College LondonAbstract：It is rare nowadays for a “new topic” to emerge within the relatively mature field of Structural Engineering. Progressive collapseor, more particularly, understanding the mechanics of the phenomenon and developing suitable ways to acmodate its consideration within our normal frameworks for structural designcan be so regarded. Beginning with illustrations drawn from around the world over several decades and culminating in the highly public WTC collapses, those features essential for a representative treatment are identified and early design approaches are reviewed. More recent work is then reported, concentrating on developments of the past seven years at Imperial College London, where a prehensive approach capable of being implemented on a variety of levels and suitable for direct use by designers has been under development. Illustrative results are used to assist in identifying some of the key governing features, to show how quantitative parisons between different arrangements may now be made and to illustrate the inappropriateness of some previous design concepts as a way of directly improving resistance to progressive collapse.2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Keywords: Composite structures。 Progressive Collapse。 Robustness。 Steel structures。 Structural design1. Introduction Over time various different structural design philosophies have been proposed, their evolutionary nature reflecting：*c Growing concern to ensure adequate performance. *c Improved scientific knowledge of behaviour. *c Enhanced ability to move from craft based to science based and thus from prescriptive to quantitatively justified approaches This can be traced through concepts such as: permissible stress, ultimate strength, limit states and performance based. As clients, users and the general public have bee increasingly sophisticated and thus more demanding in their expectations, so it became necessary for designers to cover an ever increasing number and range of structural issues–mostly through consideration of the “reaching this condition would be to a greater or lesser extent unacceptable” approach. Therefore issues not previously considered (or only allowed for in an implicit, essentially copying past satisfactory performance, way) started to require explicit attention in the form of: an assessment of demand, modelling behaviour and identification of suitable failure criteria. The treatment of topics such as fatigue, fire resistance, durability and serviceability can all be seen to have followed this pattern. To take a specific example: designing adequate fire resistance into steel framed buildings began (once the need had been recognised) with simple prescriptive rules for concrete encasement of vulnerable members but it has, in recent years, evolved into a sophisticated discipline of fire engineering, concerned with fire loading, the provision of protective systems such as sprinklers, calculation of response in the event of a fire and the ability to make quantitative parisons between alternative structural arrangements. Not only has this led to obvious economic b
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