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【正文】 Chapter 12 Hunger, Eating, and Health Why Do Many People Eat Too Much? This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: ? any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a work。 ? preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images。 ? any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Control of Eating ? Is there a “set point” for the body’s energy reserves that determines when we eat? ? The prevalence of eating disorders suggests that this may not be the case – Over half of the adult population in the . meets clinical criteria for obesity – 3% of . adolescents suffer from anorexia nervosa Digestion and Energy Flow ? Purpose of eating is to provide the body with energy ? Digestion – breaking down food and absorbing its constituents ? 3 forms of energy – Lipids (fats) – Amino acids (proteins) – Glucose (carbohydrates) Energy ? Delivered to the body as lipids, amino acids, and glucose ? Stored as fats, glycogen, and proteins ? Most stored as fats. Why? ? More economical – 1 gram of fat stores 2X as much energy as 1 gram of glycogen – Fat does not attract and hold much water Energy Metabolism ? Chemical changes that make energy available for use ? Cephalic phase – preparation ? Absorptive phase – energy absorbed ? Fasting phase – – withdrawing energy from reserves – ends with next cephalic phase Energy Metabolism ? Controlled by 2 pancreatic hormones ? Insulin – high during cephalic phase – Allows body cells to use glucose – Promotes formation of glycogen, fat, and protein – Promotes storage of energy ? Glucagon – high during cephalic and absorptive phases –
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