【正文】 2011全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語模擬試題2010年12月27日 海天考研 　　Section I Use of English　　What impact can mobile phones have on their users39。 health? Many individuals are concerned about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation from handsets and base stations, 1 the lack of credible evidence of any harm. But evidence for the beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is rather more 2 . Indeed, a systematic review 3 by Rifat Atun and his colleagues at Imperial College, rounds up 4 of the use of textmessaging in the 5 of health care. These uses 6 three categories: efficiency gains。 publichealth gains。 and direct benefits to patients by 7 textmessaging into treatment regimes.　　Using texting to 8 efficiency is not profound science, but big savings can be achieved. Several 9 carried out in England have found that the use of textmessaging reminders 10 the number of missed appointments with family doctors by 2639%, and the number of missed hospital appointments by 3350%. If such schemes were 11 nationally, this would translate 12 annual savings of ￡256364 million.　　Text messages can also be a good way to deliver publichealth information, particularly to groups 13 are hard to reach by other means. Text messages have been used in India to 14 people about the World Health Organization39。s strategy to control lung disease. In Iraq, text messages were used to support a 15 to immunize nearly 5 million children 16 paralysis.　　 17 , there are the uses of textmessaging as part of a treatment regime. These involve sending reminders to patients to 18 their medicine, or to encourage accordance with exercise regimes. However, Dr. Rifat notes that the evidence for the effectiveness of such schemes is generally 19 , and more quantitative research is 20 .　　1. [A] so [B] even [C] despite [D] and　　2. [A] interesting [B] abundant [C] clear [D] reasonable　　3. [A] went [B] came [C] performed [D] turned　　4. [A] approaches [B] situations [C] problems [D] examples　　5. [A] reality [B] reorganization [C] delivery [D] discovery　　6. [A] fall into [B] sum up [C] associate with [D] subject to　　7. [A] cooperating [B] incorporating [C] adapting [D] adopting　　8. [A] rise [B] boost [C] produce [D] encourage　　9. [A] questions [B] incidents [C] cases [D] trials　　10. [A] reduces [B] degrades [C] deserves [D] drops　　11. [A] called upon [B] switched to [C] rolled out [D] went through　　12. [A] into [B] for [C] on [D] from　　13. [A] what [B] whose [C] which [D] who　　14. [A] ask [B] inform [C] adopt [D] contact　　15. [A] campaign [B] event [C] decision [D] munication　　Section II Reading Comprehension　　Part A　　Directions:　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A]，[B]，[C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)　　Text 1　　Prudent investors learned long ago that putting your eggs into lots of baskets reduces risk. Conservationists have now hit on a similar idea: a population of endangered animals will have a better chance of survival if it is divided into interconnected groups. The prospects of the species will be better because the chance that all the constituent subpopulations will die out at the same time is low. And, in the long term, it matters little if one or two groups do disappear, because immigrants from betterfaring patches will eventually reestablish the species39。 old haunts.　　One endangered species divided in just this way is the world39。s rarest carnivore, the Ethiopian wolf, which lives high in the meadows of the Bale Mountains. Just 350 exist in three pockets of meadow connected by narrow39。 valleys in the Bale Mountains National Park, with a further 150 outside this area.　　Two of the main threats to the Ethiopian wolf e from diseases carried by domestic dogs. One of these, rabies, is of particular concern because it is epidemic in the dog population. At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. It would be ambitious, because the prevailing thinking — that all individuals matter and therefore all outbreaks of disease should be pletely halted — implies that a large proportion of wolves would need to be vaccinated.　　Dan Haydon, of the University of Glasgow, and his colleagues believe that conservation biologists should think differently. With the exception of humans, species are important but individuals are not. Some outbreaks of disease can be tolerated. In a paper published this week in Nature, they recast the mathematics of vaccination with this in mind.　　On epidemiologists39。 standard assumption that every individual counts, vaccination programmes are intended to prevent epidemics by ensuring that each infected animal, on average, passes the disease on to less than one healthy animal. This implies that around twothirds of all the wolves would need to be vaccinated. A programme that sought to save a species rather than individuals would allow each infected wolf to pass the disease on to more than one healthy animal and hence require fewer vaccinations. Dr Haydon and his colleagues have calculated, using data from a rabies outbreak in 2003, that vaccinating between 10% and 25% would suffice, provided veterinarians gave jabs to those wolves living in the narrow valleys that connect the subpopulations.　　If the threat of rabies arose every five years, targeting all the wolves in the corridors would cut the risk of extinction over a 20year period by fourfold. If this were backed up by vaccinating a mere 10% of the wolves in the three connected meadows, the chance of extinction would drop to less than one in 1,000. Saving a few seems to be an efficient way of protecting the many.　　21. By citing prudent investors39。 idea, the author wants to illustrate that___________.　　[A] conservationists got inspirations from it.　　[B] endangered anima