generalanaesthesia全身麻醉(已修改)
2025-01-24 07:10 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 Clinical Anaesthesiology Qiu Wei Fan Associate Professor Department of Anaesthesiology Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Second Medical University General Anaesthesia Classification of General Anaesthesia Methods Inhalation anaesthesia Intravenous anaesthesia Intramuscularly Rectally Orally Balanced anaesthesia Clinical Pharmacology Inhalational anaesthetic agents ? Agent MAC% Vapor Pressure Blood/Gas Partition ? Nitrous oxide 105 ? Halothane 243 ? Enflurane 175 ? Isoflurane 240 ? Desflurane 681 Clinical Pharmacology Intravenous anaesthetic agents ? Agent Induction dose (mgkg1) ? Thiopentone 35 ? Methohexitone ? Etomidate ? Propofol ? Ketamine 2 Clinical Pharmacology Drugs used to supplement anaesthesia Analgesics Opioid agonists ? Natural opium alkaloids: Morphine,Codeine ? Semisynthetic opium alkaloid: Diamorphine ? Synthetic opioids:Pethidine, Fentanyl, Alfentanil, Sufentanil, Remifentanil Partial opioid agonists ? Buprenorphine Clinical Pharmacology Drugs used to supplement anaesthesia Opioid agonist/antagonists ? Pentazocine Opioid antagonists ? Naloxone Clinical Pharmacology Muscle Relaxants Neuromuscular blocking agents are dividedinto two classes: ? Depolarizing ? Nondepolarizing Clinical Pharmacology Muscle Relaxants ? Depolarizing ? Shortacting Succinylcholine Decamethonium ? Nondepolarizing ? Longacting Tubocurarine Metocurine doxacurium Pancuronium Pipecurium ? Intermediateacting Atracurium Vecuronium ? Shortacting Mivacurium Clinical Pharmacology Drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system Sympathomimetic drugs ? Adrenaline(lowα,β1+2)(higher α) ? Isoprenaline(β1+2) ? Noradrenaline(α,β1 ) ? Phenylephine(α) ? Dopamine (lowδ,moderateδ ,β1+2, moderatehighα,β1 ) ? Dobutamine(β1 ) The practical conduct of anaesthesia ? Preparation for anaesthesia ? Equipment for monitoring ? The anaesthetic machine ? Equipment required for tracheal intubation Anaesthetic apparatus The anaesthesia machine ? Gas inlets amp。 pressure regulators ? Oxygen pressure failure devices amp。 oxygen flush val
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