【正文】 學(xué) 號(hào)： 202213020230 HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY 畢業(yè)論 文 GRADUATE THESIS 設(shè)計(jì)題目： 露天礦山土石方剝離工程量計(jì)算方法比較研究 學(xué)生姓名： 王歡 專業(yè)班級(jí) ： 09 測(cè)繪 2 班 學(xué) 院： 礦業(yè)工程學(xué)院 指導(dǎo)教師： 吳長(zhǎng)悅 教授 2022 年 5 月 30 日摘 要 I 摘 要 土石方工程是礦山建設(shè)的一項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)性工作，土石方工程計(jì)量是造價(jià)的一項(xiàng)重要組成部分。在露天礦山規(guī)劃中，土方量計(jì)算是一項(xiàng)經(jīng)常性的、不可缺少的工作，且在整個(gè)工程量中，土石方工程常占有較大比例。土方量計(jì)算 精度的高低直接影響到建設(shè)工期、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。需要合理地進(jìn)行土方調(diào)配，節(jié)省施工費(fèi)用，加快工程進(jìn)度。因此，研究土方量的計(jì)算方法、精度及計(jì)算方法的實(shí)用范圍、條件和存在問(wèn)題是非常必要的。但由于土石方計(jì)量直接涉及到工程建設(shè)方和施工方的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，加上實(shí)際工程中土石方計(jì)量的復(fù)雜性，因此計(jì)量成果經(jīng)常會(huì)被工程雙方質(zhì)疑。如何規(guī)范化土石方工程計(jì)量被視為當(dāng)今土的一道難題。 土方量計(jì)算是露天礦山預(yù)算土石方剝離工作量與費(fèi)用的重要依據(jù)，準(zhǔn)確快速地計(jì)算土方量具有重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值。主要本文介紹了露天礦山土石方計(jì)算的常用的三種方法，三角網(wǎng)法、方格網(wǎng) 法和等高線法。選取唐山市清東陵鐵礦進(jìn)行野外施測(cè)。內(nèi)業(yè)采用 對(duì)野外采集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算。從理論和計(jì)算結(jié)果兩方面討論它們的適用范圍、條件及精度。 關(guān)鍵詞 土 方計(jì)算；數(shù)字地面模型；三角網(wǎng)法；方格網(wǎng)法；等高線法 Abstract II Abstract Land planning survey is a basic work, The calculations of land planning survey is an important ponent in the the open pit mine plan, the calculations of land planning survey is a regular and indispensable work, and in the volume of the entire project, land planning survey often account for a large calculations of land planning survey affects the level of the construction period and economic benefits directly. Land planning survey reasonably be required to save construction costs and speed up the , the study of The calculations of land planning survey accuracy , calculation methods, practical range of conditions and problems are , due to The calculations of land planning survey directly related to the construction side and the construction side of the economic benefits, plus the plexity of The calculations of land planning survey in actual project . The measurable results will often be questioned by both works to measure standardized earthwork soil is considered to be one of challenges now. Stripped open pit mine workload and expense budget are based on The calculations of land planning survey Calculate the amount of earthwork quickly and accurately has important practical article describes three mon methods for the main open pit mine earthwork calculations,just as the following:triangulation method, grid method and the contour line selects Tangshan Qingdongling iron for field the industry uses for wildcollected data to results discuss their scope, conditions and accuracy from two aspects of theory and the calculation results. Keywords Earthwork calculation。 DTM。 Triangulation method。 Grid method。 Contour method 目 錄 III 目 錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 土石方計(jì)算概述 ................................................................................................. 1 土石方計(jì)算常用方法 ......................................................................................... 1 研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................................. 2 第 2 章 土石方計(jì) 算原理 .............................................................................................. 3 不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)法 (DTM 法 ) ................................................................................ 3 三角網(wǎng)法簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................... 3 三角網(wǎng)的建立 ............................................................................................... 3 三角 網(wǎng)的調(diào)整 ............................................................................................... 4 三角網(wǎng)與切割面的關(guān)系 ............................................................................... 5 土方量的計(jì)算 ............................................................................................... 7 三角網(wǎng)法土方量計(jì)算誤差探討 ................................................................... 9 方格網(wǎng)法 ........................................................................................................... 10 方格網(wǎng)法簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................. 10 計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)高程 ............................................................................................. 10 確定填、挖邊界線 ..................................................................................... 11 計(jì)算填、挖高度 ......................................................................................... 11 計(jì)算填、挖方量 ......................................................................................... 11 等高線 法 ........................................................................................................... 12 等高線法簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................. 12 計(jì)算原理 ..................................................................................................... 12 本章小結(jié) ........................................................................................................... 14 第 3 章 土方計(jì)算方法比較 ........................................................................................ 15 野外施測(cè) ........................................................................................................... 15 目的任務(wù) ..................................................................................................... 15 依據(jù)規(guī)范和儀器設(shè)備 ................................................................................. 15 土方測(cè)量控制網(wǎng)的布設(shè) ............................................................................. 15 高程點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)采集 ......................................................................................... 16 內(nèi) 業(yè)計(jì)算 ........................................................................................................... 17 南方 中土方計(jì)算的功能 ..................................