【正文】 1 廣州大學(xué)松田學(xué)院 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 題目 ___ 基于單片機(jī)的溫控報(bào)警器設(shè)計(jì) ____ 2 基于單片機(jī)的溫控報(bào)警器設(shè)計(jì) 摘要： 溫度是我們?nèi)粘Ｉa(chǎn)和生活中實(shí)時(shí)接觸到的物理量，但是它是看不到的，僅憑感覺(jué)只能感覺(jué)到大概的溫度值，傳統(tǒng)的指針式的溫度計(jì)雖然能指示溫度，但是精度低，使用不夠方便，顯示不夠直觀，數(shù)字溫度計(jì)就應(yīng)運(yùn)而生了，利用數(shù)字讓人們更加直觀的了解自己想知道的溫度到底是多少。 所以，溫度的測(cè)量是一個(gè)很重要的物理參數(shù)，它能直接告訴人們所需要的溫度的大小。隨著世界的科技發(fā)展， 對(duì)于溫度的測(cè)量要求也是越來(lái)越嚴(yán)格了，但是測(cè)量溫度的環(huán)境也越來(lái)越惡劣。溫度的測(cè)量不僅僅局限于外出穿衣的指標(biāo)上了，在現(xiàn)實(shí)的社會(huì)中，溫度的測(cè)量和控制無(wú)處不在，例如家庭里面都能看見(jiàn)的冰箱的自動(dòng)溫度調(diào)節(jié)。但是很多時(shí)候，在惡劣的環(huán)境中的測(cè)量則會(huì)受到很大程度的限制，尤其在工業(yè)控制中，在這個(gè)時(shí)候，溫度測(cè)量的自動(dòng)控制先得尤為重要。 本文將要介紹的是和采用 DS18B20 作為溫度傳感器，自動(dòng)測(cè)量當(dāng)前溫度，由單片機(jī)avr mega16 進(jìn)行處理控制，并通過(guò) lCD1602 顯示設(shè)定溫度和當(dāng)前溫度，若當(dāng)前溫度超過(guò)設(shè)定溫度，系統(tǒng)將會(huì)進(jìn)行比較 簡(jiǎn)單的聲光報(bào)警。 關(guān)鍵詞： DS18B20， lCD1602， 單片機(jī)， 聲光報(bào)警 3 Temperature alarm design based on SCM Abstract: The temperature is realtime access to the physical quantities in our daily production and life, but it can not see, just by feeling it probably only feel the temperature values, traditional pointer thermometer indicates that the temperature, but low accuracy, use is not convenient enough, the display is not intuitive, digital thermometer is made using digital more intuitive understanding of the temperature in the end they want to know is how much. Therefore, the temperature measurement is a very important physical parameters can directly tell people the size of the required temperature. With the development of science and technology of the world, for the temperature measurement requirements bee increasingly stringent, measure the temperature of the environment is also worsening. Temperature measurement is not limited to the indicators go out dressed in the reality of the society, the measurement and control of temperature everywhere, for example, the family can see inside the refrigerator thermostat. But many times, in the harsh environment of the measurement will be subject to a large degree of restriction, especially in industrial control, at this time, the automatic control of the temperature measuremente particularly important. This article is DS18B20 as the temperature sensor and the use of automatic measurement of the current temperature, to be processed by the microcontroller avr mega16 control displays the set temperature and the current temperature and through lCD1602 to, if the temperature exceeds the set temperature, the system will be relatively simple the sound and light alarm. Keywords: SCM, DS18B20, lCD1602, sound and light alarm 4 目 錄 1 緒論 .............................................................................................................. 6 課題的背景 ....................................................................................... 6 課題的意義 ....................................................................................... 6 研究的基本內(nèi)容與擬解決的主要問(wèn)題 ........................................... 7 研究的基本內(nèi)容 ......................................................................... 7 擬解決的主要問(wèn)題 ..................................................................... 8 2 設(shè)計(jì)的思路 .................................................................................................. 8 設(shè)計(jì)基本原理 ................................................................................... 8 設(shè)計(jì)的基本條件 ............................................................................... 9 溫度報(bào)警器的技術(shù)和工作原理 ....................................................... 9 DS18B20 溫度傳感器介紹 ......................................................... 9 DS18B20 的初始化 ................................................................... 10 DS18B20 的寫(xiě)操作 ................................................................... 10 DS18B20 的讀操作 ................................................................... 11 DS18B20 內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)圖 ............................................................... 11 DS18B20 工作原理 ................................................................... 11 液晶顯示屏 LCD1602 主要參數(shù)技術(shù) ........................................... 12 引腳接口說(shuō)明表 ....................................................................... 12 LCD1602 的指令說(shuō)明及時(shí)序 ..................................................... 12 Atmega16 單片機(jī)介紹 ....................................................................... 13 3 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 13 溫度傳感器設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 13 液晶 LCD1602 顯示部分設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................... 14 單片機(jī) ATmega16 原理圖設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................... 15 程序燒寫(xiě) ................................................................................... 15 電源端口 ................................................................................... 16 串口通訊端的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................... 16 報(bào)警設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................... 17 5 按鍵設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................... 17 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 18 流程圖 ............................................................................................. 18 5 溫度數(shù)據(jù)處理函數(shù) .................................................................................... 19 DS18B20 初始化函數(shù) ........................................................................ 19 傳感器 DS18B20 的子函數(shù) ........................................................... 19 傳感器 DS18B20 寫(xiě)命令子函數(shù) ............................................. 20 DS18B20 讀一個(gè)字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)子函數(shù) ........................................... 21 LCD1602 顯示函數(shù) ............................................................................ 22 LCD1602 初始化子函數(shù) ........................................................... 22 LCD1602 寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)子函數(shù) ........................................................... 23 LCD1602 寫(xiě)命令子函數(shù) ..........................................