【正文】
東北石油大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 摘 要 隨著鉆井技術(shù)的發(fā)展,水平井的應(yīng)用也越來(lái)越廣泛,同普通豎井相比,水平井有著諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。通過(guò)查閱資料以及相關(guān)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí),做出了比較淺顯的水平井井眼軌跡的設(shè)計(jì)。 水平井鉆井施工常受到地下復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件、井下儀器安全要求、工具造斜率能力,入靶條件等因素的限制 .在水平井實(shí)際施工過(guò)程中,往往需要對(duì)原軌道設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,使之能夠更加符合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際施工要求 .又好又快的完成施工。優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)在油田實(shí) 際水平井施工中,得到了廣泛的運(yùn)用,取得了很好的效果。大大提高了水平井施工的成功率。合理的井眼軌道設(shè)計(jì)是成功控制井眼軌道的關(guān)鍵 。準(zhǔn)確、快速、合理地設(shè)計(jì)多約條件下的三維井眼軌道是人們期待解決的問(wèn)題。文中建立了給定目標(biāo)點(diǎn)位置和井眼方向的三維軌道設(shè)計(jì)的一般數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用矢量分析理論得到了約束變量間的解析表達(dá)式和井眼軌道計(jì)算式。這種方法避免了求解多維非線(xiàn)性方程組,設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)單、精確。應(yīng)用該模型成功地解決了復(fù)雜的多約束條件下的三維井眼軌道設(shè)計(jì)這一難題, 具有普遍適用性,可廣泛用于設(shè)計(jì)各種類(lèi)型水平井、定向井和多目標(biāo)井,為井眼軌道控制提供了更為準(zhǔn)確的理論依據(jù)。 關(guān)鍵詞: 水平井;三維井眼軌道;設(shè)計(jì);數(shù)學(xué)模型;精確解 東北石油大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) Abstract The horizontal well drilling often plicated by the underground geological conditions, mine safety requirements for equipment, tools, ability to create the slope,into the target conditions and other well in the actual construction process, often need to optimize the design of the original track, to enable more in line with the actual construction site pletion of construction .Optimal design of horizontal wells in Oil Field actual construction , has been widely used and achieved very good results. Greatly improved the success rate of construction of horizontal wells .Abstract : the reasonable success of well trajectory design is the key to control the well , fast, rational design of more than about threedimensional hole under the track is to be expected to solve the problem .The paper established the position of a given target point and the direction threedimensional borehole general mathematical modal of track design, vector analysis theory has been constrained variables and the analytical expression of well trajectory formula. This method avoids the solution of multidimensional equations, design solve plex multidimensional constraint conditions of the well trajectory design problem has general applicability, can be widely used in the design of various types of horizontal wells, directional wells and multitarget well, the borehole Orbit control provides a more accurate theoretical basis. Key words: horizontal wells; three well trajectory; design; mathematical model;exact solution 東北石油大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) I 目 錄 第 1 章 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究的背景、目的及意義 .................................................................. 1 國(guó)外水平井井眼軌跡設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ......................................................... 1 研究的主要內(nèi)容 ......................................................................................... 4 第 2 章 水平井的基本概念及井眼軌跡的基本參數(shù) .................................................... 6 水平井的基本概念 ..................................................................................... 6 水平井井眼軌跡的基本參數(shù) ...................................................................... 6 第 3 章 水平井井眼軌跡設(shè)計(jì)的影響因素及原則 ...................................................... 10 水平井井眼軌跡設(shè)計(jì)的影響因素 ............................................................ 10 水平井井眼軌跡設(shè)計(jì)的原則 ................................................................... 11 第 4 章 井眼延伸方向預(yù)測(cè)及軌跡控制原則 .............................................................. 13 井眼軌跡預(yù)測(cè)依據(jù) .................................................................................... 13 井眼軌跡控制原則 ................................................................................... 14 第 5 章 水平井井眼軌跡描述方法 .............................................................................. 17 井眼軌跡圖示法 ........................................................................................ 17 井眼軌跡計(jì)算方法 ................................................................................... 19 井眼軌跡描述與地層關(guān)系 ....................................................................... 22 第 6 章 二維軌道設(shè)計(jì)模型及其精確解 ...................................................................... 24 問(wèn)題的提出 ............................................................................................... 24 設(shè)計(jì)模型 ................................................................................................... 25 模型求解 .................................................................................................... 26 應(yīng)用 ........................................................................................................... 27 關(guān)于二維條件下水平井井眼軌跡設(shè)計(jì)的優(yōu)點(diǎn) ....................................... 28 第 7 章 三維軌道設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................. 29 東北石油大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) II 問(wèn)題的提出 ............................................................................................... 29 數(shù)學(xué)模型建立 ........................................................................................... 30 井眼軌道計(jì)算 ........................................................................................... 32 計(jì)算模型的應(yīng)用 ....................................................................................... 33 關(guān)于三維條件下水平井經(jīng)驗(yàn)軌跡設(shè)計(jì)的優(yōu)點(diǎn) ....................................... 34 結(jié) 論 ......................................................................................................................... 35 參考文獻(xiàn) ......................................................................................................................... 36 致 謝 ......................................................................................................................... 36 東北石油大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 1 第 1 章 概述 課題研究的背景、目的及意義 水平井鉆井涉及許多關(guān)鍵技術(shù),軌道設(shè)計(jì)是其 中之一,它直接影響水平井的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益及成敗。有人認(rèn)為水平井軌 道設(shè)計(jì)只是簡(jiǎn)單的幾何問(wèn)題,這種觀點(diǎn)是完全錯(cuò)誤的。實(shí)際上,水平井軌道的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)必須綜合考慮油藏、鉆井、采油的具體條件,涉及流體力學(xué)、滲流力學(xué)、巖石力學(xué)、管柱力學(xué)等多學(xué)科。水平井軌道優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)就是能夠優(yōu)質(zhì)、快速、低成本地完成鉆井作業(yè),并且能最大限度地提高水平井產(chǎn)能。常見(jiàn)的兩維水平軌道有單增和雙增軌道兩種。對(duì)于單增水平井來(lái)說(shuō),需確定的參數(shù)有造斜點(diǎn)井深、造斜率、水平段長(zhǎng)、方位角和目標(biāo)段的穩(wěn)斜角,上述參數(shù)中可根