【正文】 重慶科技學(xué)院高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文 基于 AT89C51 單片機(jī)倒車防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 考生姓名： 準(zhǔn)考證號： 專業(yè)層次： 院 （系）： 指導(dǎo)教師： 職 稱 ： 重慶科技學(xué)院 二 O 一二年 8 月 15 日 重慶科技學(xué)院高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 摘 要 隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)日益興旺，汽車數(shù)量在大幅攀升。交通擁擠情況也日趨嚴(yán)重，撞車事件屢屢發(fā)生，造成了不可避免的 人身傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，針對這種情況，設(shè)計(jì)一種響應(yīng)快，可靠性高且較為經(jīng)濟(jì)的汽車防撞預(yù)警系統(tǒng)勢在必行，超聲波測距法是最常見的一種距離測距方法，本文介紹的就是利用超聲波測距法設(shè)計(jì)的一種倒車防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。 論文的內(nèi)容是基于 AT89C51 單片機(jī)結(jié)合于一體，設(shè)計(jì)出一種基于 AT89C51單片機(jī)的倒車防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用軟、硬件結(jié)合的方法，具有模塊話和多用化的特點(diǎn)。論文概述了超聲波檢測的發(fā)展及基本原理，闡述了超聲波傳感器的原理及特性。對于系統(tǒng)的一些主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了討論，并且在介紹超聲波測距系統(tǒng)功能的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了系統(tǒng)的總體 構(gòu)成，通過多種發(fā)射接收電路設(shè)計(jì)方案比較，得出了最佳設(shè)計(jì)方案 ，并對系統(tǒng)各個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)單元的原理進(jìn)行了介紹。對組成各系統(tǒng)電路的芯片進(jìn)行了介紹，并闡述了它們的工作原理。論文介紹了系統(tǒng)的軟件結(jié)構(gòu)，通過編程來實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)功能。最后，通過對系統(tǒng)的誤差分析，給出了系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)方案。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 單片機(jī) 超聲波 AT89C51 重慶科技學(xué)院高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） Abstract With the development of society and economy of transportation industry is booming, the number of cars in the sharp rise. Traffic congestion has bee more and more serious, the crash occurred repeatedly, resulting from the inevitable casualty and economic loss, in view of this situation, design a kind of fast response, high reliability and more economy car collision avoidance warning system to be imperative, ultrasonic ranging method is the most mon type of distance measuring method, this paper describes the use of ultrasonic locating design a backdraft anticollision alarm system. The content of the thesis is based on the AT89C51 singlechip integration, design based on AT89C51 backdraft anticollision alarm system. The system uses a bination of hardware and software, the method of module, and multiuse characteristics. This paper summarizes the development and basic principle of ultrasonic detection, introduces the principle and characteristics of ultrasonic sensor. Some of the main parameters for the system were discussed, and introducing ultrasonic ranging system functions basis, the overall position of the system, through a variety of transmitting and receiving circuit design parison, the best design scheme, and various system design unit this paper introduces the principle of. On the position of the system circuit chip are introduced, and elaborated the principles of their work. This paper introduces the software structure of system, programmed to realize the function of the system. Finally, through the analysis of system error, an improved scheme is presented. Key words: single chip ultrasonic AT89C51 重慶科技學(xué)院高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 目 錄 1超聲檢測發(fā)展綜述 ......................................................................................................... 1 2 超聲波介紹 ................................................................................................................. 2 超聲波傳感器及其測距原理 ................................................................................ 2 什么是超聲波 ..................................................................................................... 2 壓電式超聲波傳感器簡介 ................................................................................... 2 頻率特性 ............................................................................................................ 4 指向特性 ............................................................................................................ 5 3 單片機(jī)倒車防撞報(bào)警系統(tǒng)各組成單元方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................ 6 發(fā)射接收電路方案設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................... 6 系統(tǒng)顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 7 系統(tǒng)報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 7 單片機(jī)復(fù)位電路 ................................................................................................. 8 時(shí)鐘電路 ............................................................................................................ 9 穩(wěn)壓電源 ............................................................................................................ 9 4 系統(tǒng)硬件及軟件實(shí)現(xiàn) ................................................................................................... 10 單片機(jī)的選擇 ................................................................................................... 10 AT89C51的主要性能參數(shù) .................................................................................. 10 AT89C51的結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................ 10 CX20216芯片介紹 ............................................................................................ 11 系統(tǒng)軟件結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................... 12 硬件連接方法 .................................................................................