【正文】 河南科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 油耗計(jì)標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)裝置研制（電控設(shè)計(jì)） 0 要 汽車的發(fā)展是人類生活文明與進(jìn)步的標(biāo)志。汽車的發(fā)明一方面給人們 的生活和生產(chǎn)帶來了極大的方便，另一方面也給社會帶來了環(huán)境污染和能 源緊缺等嚴(yán)重問題。人類環(huán)境保護(hù)意識的逐漸加強(qiáng)，人們更加關(guān)心車輛油 耗，要求限制車輛用油量的呼聲越來越強(qiáng)烈。因此，研究汽車的燃油消耗 和降低排放污染就成為該研究領(lǐng)域的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一。對汽車燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性的 評價(jià)，一般是通過汽車燃油消耗量來確定的，也是診斷和分析汽車故障的 重要參考。檢測汽車燃油消耗量常 通過燃油消耗檢測儀測定燃油消耗量的 容積或質(zhì)量來表示。 本文在分析和總結(jié)對目前國內(nèi)外車輛油耗檢測儀器精度普遍存在影響 的因素基礎(chǔ)上，決定用測定質(zhì)量法，采用了先進(jìn)的傳感技術(shù)、單片機(jī)技術(shù) 和顯示技術(shù)，分別對溫度和流量變化在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定。采用的先進(jìn) 的智能半導(dǎo)體制冷和加熱技術(shù)對溫度控制，用節(jié)流閥和溢流閥配合使用對 其流量對其流量大小進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，采用電腦與單片機(jī)串口通信技術(shù)對各開關(guān) 智能切換。在控制軟件的支撐下，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了油耗計(jì)智能標(biāo)定。 該系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)將會為汽車油耗精確檢測技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供新方向，為我 國汽車 油耗檢測技術(shù)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造新的平臺，為節(jié)能型汽車的研發(fā)提供更精確 可靠的油耗數(shù)據(jù)。 關(guān) 鍵 詞：單片機(jī)，串口通信，油耗，智能標(biāo)定 1 河南科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） FUEL CONSUMPTION METER CALIBRATION TEST APPARATUS DEVELOPED ABSTRACT The development of car is the sign of human civilization and progress . On one hand, to people39。s life and production , The invention of the car has brought great convenience,on the other , it also brings environmental pollution and energy shortages. Together with the conscious of environment protection increase gradually. People pay more attention to the gas consuming. Therefore, the study of motor vehicles to reduce fuel consumption and emissions pollution is the area of one of the key fuel consumption is usually determined by the automobile fuel economy rating, it is also an important reference to the car fault diagnosis. Regular testing vehicle fuel consumption was measured by detecting the fuel consumption volume or quality of fuel consumption expressed in. Ordinary car fuel consumption detecting device in the test range, testing accuracy, that the use of maintenance and reliability , not very good, needs further improvement. This article based on the analysis and summary of influence factors on the basis of precision of vehicle fuel consumption test instrument at home and abroad,decided to use to determine quality standard which Adopted the advanced sensor technology, micro controller technology and display technology, within a certain range of temperature and flow rate for calibration.. Besides, it Adopts advanced intelligent semiconductor refrigeration and heating technology for temperature control .Throttle valve and relief valve are used to control the flow adjusted size. It also uses puter and single chip microputer serial munication technology to convert the switches intelligently. Under the support of control software, it can realize the intelligent fuel consumption meter calibration. 2 河南科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） The development of the system will provide a new direction for vehicle fuel consumption accurately detecting technology, create a new platformfor automobile fuel consumption detection technology development in our country and provide more accurate and reliable fuel consumption data for fuelefficient car research and development . Keywords: chip microputer ， serial munication ， vehicle fuel consumption， intelligent calibration 3 河南科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 目 錄 前 言 .............................................................................................................................. 1 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................................. 2 167。 課題研究的背景意義 ................................................................................ 2 167。 國 外油耗計(jì)標(biāo)定裝置發(fā)展?fàn)顩r .............................................................. 3 167。 國內(nèi)油耗計(jì)標(biāo)定裝置研究發(fā)展?fàn)顩r .................................................... 4 167。 課題主要技術(shù)參數(shù)和主要研究內(nèi)容 .................................................... 5 167。 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) ...................................................................................... 5 167。 主要研究內(nèi)容 ...................................................................................... 5 第 2 章 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ................................................................................. 7 167。 系統(tǒng)功能及技術(shù)指標(biāo) ................................................................................ 7 167。 功能指標(biāo) ................................................................................................ 7 167。 技術(shù)指標(biāo) ................................................................................................ 7 167。 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 .............................................................................................. 7 167。 標(biāo)定系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 8 167。 供電電路及溫度控制電路設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 8 167。 電腦和單片機(jī)通信對電磁換向閥的控制 ................................... 9 第 3 章 系統(tǒng) 硬件設(shè)計(jì)（電控設(shè)計(jì)） ............................................................ 11 167。 標(biāo)定系統(tǒng)供電及溫度控制硬件選型 .................................................. 11 167。 溫度控制裝置選型 ........................................................................... 11 167。 半導(dǎo)體制冷片的選型 ...................................................................... 15 167。 繼電器的選型 .................................................................................... 17 167。 二極管的選型 .................................................................................... 17 167。 電源的選型 ......................................................................................... 18 167。 標(biāo)定系統(tǒng)單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................... 19 167。 單片機(jī)的選型及介紹 ...................................................................... 19 167。 單片機(jī)的最小系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................. 23 167。 DB9 接口 RS232 串口電路 ......................................................... 26 167。 按鍵電路 .............................................................................................