【正文】 學(xué)科分類號(hào) 0810 本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 題 目 （ 中文） ： 基于單片機(jī)的 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)客運(yùn)汽車 報(bào)站系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) （英文）： Design and Implementation of the Passenger Car Stops System Based on Singlechip Microputer 姓 名 鄭家鑫 學(xué) 號(hào) 202108002115 院 （系） 計(jì)算機(jī)與通信工程系 專業(yè)、年級(jí) 通信工程 2021 級(jí) 指導(dǎo)教師 黃文（教 授） 2021年 4月 17日 I 基于 單片機(jī)的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)客運(yùn)汽車報(bào)站系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 摘 要 根據(jù) STC89C52 單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn)和客運(yùn)汽車報(bào)站器的特點(diǎn)，本文提出了一種用單片機(jī)控制語音芯片進(jìn)行客運(yùn)汽車語音自動(dòng)報(bào)站的方法。同時(shí)給出了軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)的方法，設(shè)計(jì)過程中包括硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)和軟件程序編寫兩個(gè)方面，解釋了單片機(jī)在應(yīng)用過程中的方法和可能出現(xiàn)的問題。 本文主要介紹硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)部分。利用 STC89C52作為控制器，通過 ISD4004語音芯片建立語音信息庫，形成變化多樣 的語音信息，利用其功放播放語音信息以及提示語音，同時(shí)運(yùn)用 LCD12864 進(jìn)行站名顯示。當(dāng)客運(yùn) 汽車到達(dá)某站點(diǎn)，用鍵盤控制本系統(tǒng)工作，通過語音電路輸出語音信息和提示，同時(shí)站數(shù)信息在LED 數(shù)碼管上顯示。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)包括鍵盤電路、復(fù)位電路、顯示驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、顯示電路、內(nèi)存擴(kuò)展電路模塊。 本系統(tǒng)很大程度上提高客運(yùn)汽車報(bào)站的準(zhǔn)確性，可靠性 ， 提高了客運(yùn)汽車系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量。該系 統(tǒng)組成簡(jiǎn)單，成本低廉，性價(jià)比高，在不發(fā)達(dá)的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)能夠有廣泛的實(shí)用 價(jià)值 。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： STC89C52 單片機(jī) ； ISD4004 語音芯片 ； LCD12864 II Design and Implementation of the Passenger Car Stops System Based on Single chip Microputer Abstract According to the characteristics of the ST89C52 Singlechip Microputer and the passenger car stops system, this article aims to put forward an appropriate method for the passenger car stops system passenger car stops system, taking advantage of a speech chip under the control of SCM. Meanwhile, this article also puts forward the designation of software and hardware, including the hardware circuit designation and the software programming. Ways and problems of SCM application are also explained. This article mainly introduces the hardware circuit designation. The STC89C52 is taken as a controller. With the ISD4004 voice chip as a speech information database, various kinds of speech information shall be produced. Then the amplifier shall broadcast those speech information and speech prompt， and the LCD12864 is applied for stops. When a passenger car stops at a certain station, a keyboard is used to control the whole system. By way of speech circuit, speech information and prompt shall be output. In addition, the station shall be displayed at the nixie tube. The hardware designation of the whole system includes keyboard circuit, reset circuit, demonstration driving circuit, display circuit and internal storage expansion circuit module. To some extent, this system is efficient for the increasing of the accuracy and reliability of passenger car stops automatic system. It also makes great contributions to the quality of the passenger car service. The system with simple structure, low cost, high performanceprice ratio, in underdeveloped villages and towns can have a wide range of practical. 【 Key words】 STC89C52 Single Chip Microputer； ISD4004 voice chip；LCD12864 III 目 錄 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................................ 1 課題研究的背景及意義 .................................................................................. 1 報(bào)站器的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .................................................................................. 1 設(shè)計(jì)的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù) ...................................................................................... 2 技術(shù)指標(biāo) .......................................................................................................... 2 本文所做的工作 .............................................................................................. 2 2 硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 3 主控電路的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 3 關(guān)于 STC89C52 單片機(jī) ........................................................................ 3 振蕩器電路的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................ 5 復(fù)位電路的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................... 7 語音輸出電路的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 10 關(guān)于語音芯片 ...................................................................................... 10 錄音、放音電路的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 15 LED 顯示電路的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................... 17 LED 顯示器件簡(jiǎn)介 .............................................................................. 17 LED 點(diǎn)陣漢字顯示電路的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................... 20 總電路圖設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 22 小結(jié) ................................................................................................................ 22 3 軟件設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................. 23 主控程序的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 23 語音報(bào)站程序的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................... 26 LED 漢字顯示程序的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 26 小結(jié) ................................................................................................................. 27 4 系統(tǒng)測(cè)試 .................................................................................................................. 28 IV 各模 塊 調(diào)試 .................................................................................................... 28 .矩陣鍵盤的調(diào)試 .................................................................................. 28 12864 顯示調(diào)試 .................................................................................... 28