【正文】
本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 立體停車(chē)場(chǎng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 生 姓 名: 班 級(jí): 學(xué) 號(hào): 指 導(dǎo) 教 師: 所 在 單 位: 答 辯 日 期: 東北電力大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 I 摘 要 隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展 ,城市汽車(chē)的擁有量不斷增加 , 汽車(chē)在給人們帶來(lái)交通快捷方便的同時(shí) , 由于停車(chē)管理不善等問(wèn)題也給人們帶來(lái)了諸多不便。為滿(mǎn)足人們生活和工作環(huán)境更科學(xué)、更規(guī)范的要求 , 管理高效、安全合理、快捷方便的智能停車(chē)場(chǎng)管理系統(tǒng)己成為許多大型綜合性建筑物和居 民小區(qū)必備的配套設(shè)施。地處繁華地帶的許多高級(jí)公寓、大型娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所、賓館、辦公樓、球場(chǎng)等停放汽車(chē)較多 , 車(chē)流量大 , 為了保證車(chē)輛安全和交通方便 ,迫切需要采用自動(dòng)化程度高、方便快捷的智能停車(chē)場(chǎng)管理系統(tǒng) , 提高停車(chē)場(chǎng)管理水平。 射頻識(shí)別 ( Radio Frequency Identification)是一種無(wú)線(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)通信技術(shù) , 它成功地將射頻技術(shù)和 IC卡技術(shù)相結(jié)合。 RFID 技術(shù)應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)代化停車(chē)場(chǎng)的管理中 , 可更有效地管理停車(chē)場(chǎng) , 具有使車(chē)輛進(jìn)出有序、手續(xù)簡(jiǎn)便、速度快、安全防盜、管理自動(dòng)化、收費(fèi)公正合理、應(yīng)收費(fèi)用不流 失以及減少管理人員等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 本文詳細(xì)介紹了立體停車(chē)場(chǎng)控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)和軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。系統(tǒng)是由 單片機(jī)、儲(chǔ)存器、顯示器、 讀卡器、 鍵盤(pán)和接口芯片組成 。 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)由單片機(jī)、復(fù)位電路、監(jiān)視 電路組成,用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的控制管理; 顯示器是由 8位 LED顯示器及其驅(qū)動(dòng)電路組成,用來(lái)在硬件上顯示車(chē)位卡號(hào)信息; 讀卡器是由 載波生成電路、天線(xiàn)、解調(diào)濾波電路、功率放大電路組成,用來(lái)讀取用戶(hù)卡號(hào)信息; 鍵盤(pán)是由 16個(gè)按鍵組成,用來(lái)輸入車(chē)輛信息。存儲(chǔ)器是由 2732存儲(chǔ)器芯片 和 6264數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器 組成,用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)車(chē)輛信息。本 系統(tǒng)在功能上實(shí)現(xiàn)了 車(chē)位的自動(dòng)檢測(cè)、空車(chē)位的自動(dòng)給定和車(chē)輛的自動(dòng)存取,具備了自動(dòng)化立體車(chē)庫(kù)的基本功能。 關(guān)鍵詞: 立體停車(chē)場(chǎng) ;單片機(jī) ; 自動(dòng)控制 東北電力大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 II Abstract With the rapid development of China39。s economy, city car ownership of increasing, car in bringing people traffic convenient at the same time, due to poor management parking problems also give people have brought much inconvenience .To satisfy people life and working environment, more scientific and more the requirement of the specifications, management efficiency, safe and reasonable, quick and convenient intelligent parking management system has bee many large prehensive buildings and residential area of the necessary facilities .Busy district is located in many of the top apartment, large entertainment, hotel, office building, stadium parking cars such as more, big cars, in order to ensure the safety and convenient transportation, the urgent need to adopt a high degree of automation, fast and convenient intelligent parking management system, improve the management level of the parking lot. Radio Frequency Identification is a kind of wireless data munication technology, it successfully if technology and IC card technology bined. RFID technology is applied to the management of a modern parking lot, can be more effective management of the parking lot, have make cars in orderly, procedure is simple, fast, safe guard against theft, management automation, charge fair and reasonable, accounts and to reduce the loss cost management personnel, etc. This paper introduces the parking lot of the control system of threedimensional design of hardware and software implementation. The system is by singlechip microputer, packet, display, card reader, the keyboard and the interface chip position. Single chip minimize system by singlechip microputer and reset circuit, surveillance of circuit, used to realize the control of the management of the whole system; The display is by eight LED display and its driving circuit position, used to display card number on hardware parking information ; Reader is generated by the carrier circuit, antenna, demodulation filter circuit, power amplifier circuit make up, to read the user information card number;The keyboard is posed by 16 buttons, used to enter vehicle information. Memory is made of 2732 memory chips and 6264 data memory position, vehicles used to store information. This system on the function realizes the automatic detection, empty car parking is one of the automatic given and vehicles to be automatic access, with the automated garage39。s basic functions Key words: Stereo garage。 Single Chips Machine。 Automatic control 東北電力大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 III 目 錄 摘 要 ???????????????????? ?????????? I ABSTRACT ???????????????????? ????????? II 目 錄 ???????????? ????????????????? III 第 1 章 緒 論 ???????????????????? ?????? 1 課題背景及研究的意義 ????????????????????? 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究背景及現(xiàn)狀 ????????????????????? 2 國(guó)外研究背景及現(xiàn)狀 ???????????????????? 2 國(guó)內(nèi)研究 背景及現(xiàn)狀 ???????????????????? 3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 ?????????????????????? 4 論文的組織結(jié)構(gòu) ???????????????????????? 4 第 2 章 系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) ???????????????????? ??? 6 課題背景及研究的系統(tǒng)的組成 ?????????????????? 6 系統(tǒng)的控制 功能 ????????????????????????? 6 系統(tǒng)的工作過(guò)程 ????????????????????????? 7 系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境 ???????????????????????? 7 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境 ??????????????????? 7 計(jì)算機(jī)界面開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境 ???????????????????? 9 第 3 章 單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ????????????????? 10 單片機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ??????????????????????? 10 單片機(jī)的選擇 ????????????????????????? 10 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ?????????????????????? 12 顯示器電路的設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????????????? 14 鍵盤(pán)電路的設(shè)計(jì) ???????????????????????? 16 讀卡器電路的設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????????????? 18 讀卡器功能介紹 ?????????????????????? 18 讀卡器電路圖設(shè)計(jì) ????????????????????? 18 2732 存儲(chǔ)器芯片 ???????????????????????? 20 6264 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器 ???????????????????????? 20 可編程并行接口 8255 芯片 ??????????????????? 21 第 4 章 立體停車(chē)場(chǎng)控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????? 23 控制系統(tǒng)的主程序功能及流程圖 ????????????????? 23 最優(yōu)車(chē)位的實(shí)現(xiàn) ???????????????????????? 23 鍵盤(pán)掃描子程序 ???????????????????????? 25 顯示子程序 ?????????????????????????? 26 存車(chē)信號(hào)處理子程序 ??????????????????? ??? 26 取車(chē)信號(hào)處理子程序 ?????????????????????? 27 讀卡器子程序 ????????????????????????? 28 第 5 章 立體停車(chē)場(chǎng)控制系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試與測(cè)試 ?????????????? 31 系統(tǒng)各功能硬件系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 ???????????????????? 31 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) ??????????????? ??????? 31 顯示器電路 ???????????????????????? 31 鍵盤(pán)電路 ????????????????????????? 31 東北電力大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 IV 讀卡器電路 ???????????????????????? 32 系統(tǒng)聯(lián)調(diào) ??????????????????????????? 32 結(jié) 論 ??????????????? ??????????????? 33 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) ???????????????????? ??????? 34 致 謝 ???????????????????? ?????????? 35 東北電力大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 1 第 1 章 緒 論 課題背景及研究的意義 隨著汽車(chē)工業(yè)的發(fā)展,以及國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)型社會(huì)、節(jié)約型經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策、可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略等,決定了立體停車(chē)設(shè)備的發(fā)展和立體停車(chē)設(shè)施問(wèn)題。 近年來(lái),隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展,城鎮(zhèn)人口劇增,汽車(chē)擁有量日益提高。由于汽車(chē)數(shù)量的快速增加,對(duì)停車(chē)場(chǎng)的需求必將日益提高,停車(chē)難的問(wèn)題越來(lái)越突出,人們對(duì)停車(chē)的要求也越來(lái)越迫切。 截至 2021 年 8月底,中國(guó)機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)保有量達(dá)到 億輛。其中,汽車(chē)保有量首次突破 1億輛。與此同時(shí),汽車(chē)數(shù)量的增