【正文】 本 科 畢 業(yè) 論 文 題目： 太陽(yáng)能熱水器控制器設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)院： 電氣工程學(xué)院 班級(jí)： 自動(dòng)化 123 姓名： 李曉燕 指導(dǎo)教師： 趙娟娟 職稱： 講師 完成日期： 年 月 日 摘 要 目前社會(huì)的 快速發(fā)展，節(jié)能技術(shù)的不斷創(chuàng)新，太陽(yáng)能熱水器作為能源利用中最普遍的一種熱能 裝置。 近些年來，國(guó)家提倡節(jié)能、環(huán)保 、構(gòu)建綠色家園。太陽(yáng)能成為新時(shí)代綠色標(biāo)志的新型能源。太陽(yáng)能熱水器已變成我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜夭豢缮俚臒崮茉O(shè)備之一。本次設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)太陽(yáng)能熱水器的特點(diǎn)， 來設(shè)計(jì)基于 AT89C51單片機(jī)的太陽(yáng)能熱水器控制器。太陽(yáng)能熱水器控制器的硬件主要包括單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)、水位檢測(cè)、溫度采集模塊、顯示模塊、電源模塊、數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換以及驅(qū)動(dòng)電路組成。此次設(shè)計(jì)利用 51 單片機(jī)作為核心器件，來配合其他控制電路工作，用溫度傳感器和水位傳感器實(shí)現(xiàn)水位的測(cè)量和溫度的檢測(cè)，并依據(jù)設(shè)定值調(diào)節(jié)溫度和水量，實(shí)現(xiàn)全天水不間斷的供水。軟件是服務(wù)于硬件系統(tǒng)的，與此同時(shí)，經(jīng)過相關(guān)的控制電路和軟件程序的設(shè)計(jì)來實(shí)現(xiàn)太陽(yáng)能熱水器控制器的智能化。實(shí)現(xiàn)各種智能控制的同時(shí)還需兼顧到工 作人員能夠方便的選擇、設(shè)置和修改相關(guān)的設(shè)定值。為 人們 依據(jù)天氣變化 選擇需要的加熱狀態(tài)提供便利。更進(jìn)一步提高熱水器的自動(dòng)化和智能化程度。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 太陽(yáng)能熱水溫度控制 單片機(jī) 傳感器 水溫水位 III Abstract Now the rapid development of society, energy saving technology of continuous innovation, the solar water heater as a heat energy utilization is one of the most mon device. In recent years, the state advocates energy conservation, environmental protection, build green homes. Solar new energy bee the new era of green logo. The solar water heater has bee one of indispensable heat energy equipment in our daily life. This design based on the characteristics of the solar water heater, to design the solar energy water heater controller based on AT89C51. Solar energy water heater controller hardware mainly includes single chip microputer minimum system, water level detection, temperature acquisition module, display module, power module, data conversion, and drive circuit. 51 single chip microputer as the core device, this design used to work with other control circuit, with a temperature sensor and the water level sensor to realize water level39。s measurement and temperature detection, and according to the set point to adjust temperature and water, achieve full tianshui uninterrupted water supply. Software is in the service of hardware system, at the same time, through relevant control circuit and software program designed to implement the intelligent of the solar energy water heater controller. Implementation of various intelligent control at the same time also need to give attention to two or morethings arrives staff can convenient choice, set up and modify the relevant Settings. According to the weather changes for people choose the required heating state. Further improve the degree of automation and intelligent water heater. Keywords： Solar hot water temperature control； Single chip microputer；ThesensorWater level 目 錄 摘 要 .................................................................................................................................... II 1 緒論 ......................................................................................................................................... 1 太陽(yáng)能熱水器的發(fā)展史 .............................................................................................. 1 太陽(yáng)能熱水器的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................................... 1 本課題研究目的和意義 ............................................................................................. 2 2 系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................ 4 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)思路 ............................................................................................................. 4 系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求 ............................................................................................... 4 方案論證 ...................................................................................................................... 4 總體設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................... 5 方案選擇實(shí)現(xiàn) ............................................................................................................. 5 3 硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................................... 7 單片機(jī)的選擇 .............................................................................................................. 7 AT89C51 單片機(jī) .............................................................................................. 7 AT89C51 單片機(jī)的介紹 .................................................................................. 8 AT89C51 單片機(jī)的最小系統(tǒng)介紹 ................................................................ 11 AT89C51 單片機(jī)的時(shí)鐘電路 ........................................................................ 11 AT89C51 單片機(jī)的復(fù)位電路 ........................................................................ 12 溫檢測(cè)裝置選型 ....................................................................................................... 13 溫度傳感器 .................................................................................................... 13 DS18B20 接線方法 ........................................................................................ 15 單線（ 1wire）技術(shù) ...................................................................................... 15 DS18B20 的測(cè)溫原理 .................................................................................... 16 DS18B20 指令集 ............................................................................................ 17 DS18B20 的注意事項(xiàng) .................................................................................... 18 水位檢測(cè)裝置選擇 .................................................................................................... 21 水位檢測(cè)電路 ................................................................................................. 22 接口電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................... 22 驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片 ULN2021 介紹 ............................................................................ 22 繼電器驅(qū)動(dòng) .........................