【正文】 太原科技大學(xué) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 （ 2021 屆） ZL50 裝載機(jī) 反 轉(zhuǎn)單連桿工作裝置設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名 張?jiān)隹? 學(xué) 號(hào) 202112030337 院 系 機(jī)械電子工程學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 工程機(jī)械 指導(dǎo)教師 張福生 日 期 2021/6/17 太原科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 1 II目 錄 中文 摘要 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 1 英文摘要 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 2 目 錄 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 3 前 言 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 5 1. 裝載機(jī)工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)概述 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 6 裝載機(jī)工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)概述 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 6 結(jié)構(gòu)型式選擇 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 6 2. 鏟斗 的設(shè)計(jì) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 8 鏟斗設(shè)計(jì)要求 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 8 鏟斗斗型的結(jié)構(gòu)分析 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 9 切削刃的形狀 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 9 鏟斗的斗齒 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 9 鏟斗的側(cè)刃 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 10 斗體形狀 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 10 鏟斗基本參數(shù)的確定 ┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 10 斗容的計(jì)量 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 12 幾何斗容 (平裝斗容 ) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 12 額定斗容 (堆裝斗容 ) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 13 3. 工作裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 14 工作機(jī)構(gòu)連桿系統(tǒng)的尺寸參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 15 機(jī)構(gòu)分析 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 15 設(shè)計(jì)方法 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 15 尺寸參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的圖解法 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 16 動(dòng)臂與鏟斗、搖臂、機(jī)架的三個(gè)鉸接點(diǎn) G、 B、 A 的確定 ┈┈ ┈ 16 3 . 4 .2 機(jī)構(gòu)中 C、 D、 F 點(diǎn)的確 的 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈ 18 舉升油缸與動(dòng)臂和機(jī)架的鉸接點(diǎn) H 及 M 點(diǎn)的確定 ┈┈┈┈ ┈┈ 22 確定動(dòng)臂油缸的鉸接位置及動(dòng)臂油缸的行程 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈ 23 動(dòng)臂油缸的鉸接位置 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 23 動(dòng)臂油缸行程 Hl? 的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 24 工作裝置連桿系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)分析 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 25 鏟斗對(duì)地位置角 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 25 最大卸載高度和最小卸載距離 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 28 太原科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 1 III 鏟斗卸載角 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 29 4. 工作裝置的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈ 29 計(jì)算位置 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 29 外載荷的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 30 工作裝置的受力分析 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 31 工作裝置的強(qiáng)度校核 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 35 動(dòng)臂 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 35 鉸銷 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 36 連桿 ┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 37 5. 裝載機(jī)工作裝置中油缸作用力的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 38 鏟起力的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 39 轉(zhuǎn)斗油缸作用力的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 40 動(dòng)臂油缸作用力的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 41 轉(zhuǎn)斗油缸與動(dòng)臂油缸被動(dòng)作用力的確定 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈ 42 6. 工作裝置的限位機(jī)構(gòu) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 42 鏟斗轉(zhuǎn)角限位裝 置 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 42 動(dòng)臂升降的自動(dòng)限位機(jī)構(gòu) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 43 參考文獻(xiàn) ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 45 致 謝 ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ ┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈ 46 ZL50 裝載機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)六連桿工作裝置設(shè)計(jì) 太原科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 1 IV 摘 要 裝載機(jī)是工程機(jī)械的主要機(jī)種之一，廣泛用于建筑、礦山、水電、橋梁、鐵路、公路、港口、碼頭等國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)各部門。 本文中參閱了大量的土方機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)參考書，其中大多數(shù)是有 關(guān)裝載機(jī)方面的，有的是工作裝置單一構(gòu)件的設(shè)計(jì)，有的則是整個(gè)工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)，并且有許多有關(guān)工作裝置優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方面，各參考所涉及到的裝載機(jī)雖然型號(hào)不同，研究的方法也有差異，但綜合起來基本上也概述了現(xiàn)行的設(shè)計(jì)方法。 國(guó)外裝載機(jī)發(fā)展迅速，而我國(guó)裝載機(jī)在設(shè)計(jì)上存在很多問題，其中主要集中在可靠性、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度等方面。 而工作裝置對(duì)于裝載機(jī)來說又是重中之重，所以工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)好壞直接影響到裝載機(jī)的使用壽命以及工作效率等。雖然現(xiàn)在市場(chǎng)上的裝載機(jī)已經(jīng)日趨成熟，但對(duì)其進(jìn)行改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)仍有非常重要的意義，尤其是裝載機(jī)的工作裝置。 裝載機(jī)工作 裝置的轉(zhuǎn)斗六連桿機(jī)構(gòu)是由與液壓缸，鏟斗相關(guān)聯(lián)的兩個(gè)四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)組合而成。輪式裝載機(jī)在作業(yè)時(shí)，靠改變液壓缸的長(zhǎng)度來使鏟斗獲得所要求的收斗角和卸料角。機(jī)構(gòu)中各桿件長(zhǎng)度及其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)確定后，需要對(duì)該機(jī)構(gòu)作某些特定計(jì)算，以判斷機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的正確性。在工作循環(huán)中速度與加速度變化合理；油缸活塞行程為最佳值；工作裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)平穩(wěn)、無干涉、無死點(diǎn)、無自鎖；動(dòng)臂從最底位置到最大卸載高度的舉升過程中，保證鏟斗中物料不灑落；在卸載后，動(dòng)臂下放至鏟掘位置鏟斗能自動(dòng)放平。 關(guān)鍵詞 工程機(jī)械， 裝 載機(jī)， 工作裝置 The Turn Withershins 6link Work Equipment Design of 太原科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 1 V ZL50 Wheel Loaders Abstract The loader is one of the main kind of the engineering machinery, used in every department of national economy such as the building , mine , water and electricity , bridge , railway , highway , port , quay extensively. In this article has referred the massive folk recipes machinery design reference book, majority is the related car loader aspect, some are works the equipment sole ponent design, some then is the entire work installment design, and has many related work installments optimization design aspect, each reference involves to the car loader although the model is different, the research method also has the difference, but synthesized basically has also outlined the present design method. The overseas loader development is rapid, but our country car loader has very many problems in the design, mainly concentrates in aspect and so on reliable, structural design intensity. But works the installment regarding the loader to say also is extremely important, therefore the work installment design is good and bad affects directly the car loader service life as well as the working efficiency and so on . Although in the present market car loader already day by day was mature, but carried on the improvement design to it still to have the extremely vital significance, in particular loader work installment. Loading the machine work equips of turn the container six connect pole anization is from press with liquid an urn of, the container mutually connection of two four connect the pole anization type loads the machine at homework, is pressed by the liquid of changes an urn lengths to makes the container acquired requests of accept the Cape of the container with unload to anticipate the pole in inside in anization a length and its construction parameter certain empress, need to make the some and particular calculation to that anization, the accuracy that to judge the anization the worked circulation the speed changes with acceleration the reasonable。The oil a piston route of travel is the best value。The work equips the sport steady, have no to interfere with, have no the dead center and have no from the lock。Move the arm from most the bottom position arrives the biggest unloading to raise to rise the process inside highly, guaranteeing the container the inside the material do not spread to fall。After unloading, move the arm descend to put to the container to dig the position container can put automatically even. KEY WORDS Construction Machine, Wheel Loaders ,Work Equip 前 言 裝載機(jī)是以輪胎式或履帶式拖拉機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)車，安裝上鏟斗作為工作裝置的一種土方工程機(jī)械。它是一種作業(yè)效率高、操作輕便、用途廣泛的施工機(jī)械，它不僅用來對(duì)松散的堆積物料進(jìn)行裝、運(yùn)、卸等作業(yè)，還可以鏟裝爆破后的礦石以及對(duì)硬土進(jìn)行輕度挖掘，并能用來進(jìn)行清理、刮