【正文】 摘 要 建筑產(chǎn)業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的占很大比重。然而 傳統(tǒng) 建筑材料由于其高能耗、高污染及生產(chǎn)效率低等缺點(diǎn)，從而使新型綠色高產(chǎn)的建筑材料具有廣闊的發(fā)展空間。 玻璃纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料 因綜合性能非常出色，具有高 比強(qiáng)度、 高 比模量 ，以及 抗疲勞性能 優(yōu)良 等 特點(diǎn) ，在 建筑 領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用非常廣泛 。然而復(fù)合材料在制造工藝及各向載荷的影響下，在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中難免出現(xiàn)纖維斷裂、分層等結(jié)構(gòu)損傷，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致斷裂或失穩(wěn)破壞。針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題，本文采用聲發(fā)射技術(shù)對(duì)加載破壞條件下的含分層復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行健康檢測(cè)。 本文 利用聲發(fā)射技術(shù)對(duì)含單個(gè)分層復(fù)合材料試件進(jìn)行全程監(jiān)測(cè)，研究復(fù)合材料彎曲加載下的力學(xué)響應(yīng)行為、損傷破壞特征和對(duì)應(yīng)的聲發(fā)射特性。結(jié)果表明， 分層缺陷的位置不同對(duì)復(fù)合材料 力學(xué)性能的影響不大，但其損傷破壞形式明顯不同。埋藏較淺的分層缺陷會(huì)導(dǎo)致高應(yīng)力纖維的過(guò)早斷裂和分層的大面積擴(kuò)展；隨分層深度的增加，聲發(fā)射事件明顯減少，聲發(fā)射源主要分布在斷裂部位及其相鄰區(qū)域。聲發(fā)射計(jì)數(shù)率、幅度分布、相對(duì)能量和撞擊源定位信號(hào)等特征與復(fù)合材料試件的彎曲損傷破壞相對(duì)應(yīng)。 不同分層型式的聲發(fā)射事件數(shù)目及能量有較為明顯的差異。因此可以根據(jù)聲發(fā)射信號(hào) 判斷缺陷損傷模型。 本文還對(duì)纖維鋪向不同的試樣 在進(jìn)行 三點(diǎn)彎曲破壞 的時(shí)候，利用 聲發(fā)射 技術(shù)對(duì)整個(gè)過(guò)程進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)測(cè) ， 對(duì)樣本不同的破壞形式通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù) 分析的方法 進(jìn)行比較、區(qū)別 。試驗(yàn)監(jiān)測(cè) 結(jié)果表明，不同試樣 的 應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系 隨著試驗(yàn)的進(jìn)程 表現(xiàn)出明顯 的 不同，聲發(fā)射中的信號(hào) 變化 以及信號(hào)特 點(diǎn) （包括幅度、能量、持續(xù)時(shí)間）也有著明顯的不同，而且從聲發(fā)射信號(hào)的參數(shù)特征來(lái)看 ，試樣 的損傷破壞 隨著 階段性 的變化 ，信號(hào)的特 點(diǎn)也有所不同 。 關(guān)鍵詞： 建筑；復(fù)合材料；聲發(fā)射；分層 建筑用樹(shù)脂基復(fù)合材料損傷性能研究 Damage Research of Resin Matrix Composite Material in Architecture Abstract The construction industry accounts for a large proportion of the national economy. traditional Building materials have many disadvantages like high energy consumption, high pollution and low efficiency of production, so the New type of building materials which are green and highproducing have a broad space for development. Glass fiber reinforced posite material bees the most monly used material of architectural construction because of its advantages like high specific strength, high specific modulus and good fatigue resistance performance. But the posite under the influence of manufacturing process and wind load, it would appear structural damage such as fiber fracture and delamination, and then caused fracture or buckling failure. In order to solve this problem, this paper monitored the posite with delamination by the Acoustic emission (AE) technology. In this study, AE was used to monitor the three point bending test of delaminated posite material with a single delamination defect. The mechanical response behavior, damage and failure characteristics, and the corresponding AE characteristics of the posite materials have been investigated. The results show that the location of the delamination defect has little effect on the mechanical properties of the posite materials, whereas the damage failure mode is significantly different. The shallow delamination defect will lead to the early fracture of highstress fibers and a large area of delamination growth. As the depth of the delamination increases, the acoustic emission events decreases significantly, and the AE source location is focused on the fracture site and its adjacent areas. The AE count rate, amplitude distribution, relative energy, and source location signals are connected with the bending damage and failure of the posites. The number and energy of acoustic emission events of different types of delamination are significantly different. Therefore, we can judge the damage model according to the acoustic emission signal. Composite materials which boasting of different fiber angles was also tested and monitored by AE in order to study the three point bending damage process. Then, different types of damage characteristics of specimen were distinguished by AE parameter analysis. The results revealed that various specimen showed distinct different stressstrain relationship during bending process. Key Words： Construct。 Composite。 AE。 Delamination III 目 錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................................ 1 Abstract .............................................................................................................................. II 緒 論 ............................................................................................................................ 5 本課題的研究目的與意義 ............................................................................... 5 復(fù)合材料無(wú)損檢測(cè) ........................................................................................... 5 研究路線(xiàn) ........................................................................................................... 7 項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)新點(diǎn) ....................................................................................................... 7 1 復(fù)合材料及失效模式 .................................................................................................. 8 復(fù)合材料的定義、分類(lèi) ................................................................................... 8 復(fù)合材料的定義 .................................................................................... 8 復(fù)合材料的分類(lèi) .................................................................................... 8 復(fù)合材料的發(fā)展歷史及在建筑中的應(yīng)用 ....................................................... 9 復(fù)合材料的發(fā)展歷史 ............................................................................ 9 復(fù)合材料在建筑中的應(yīng)用 .................................................................... 9 纖維復(fù)合材料的損傷失效形式 ..................................................................... 13 單向纖維層合板的失效模式 .............................................................. 13 多向?qū)雍习宓幕臼Ｊ? .............................................................. 15 復(fù)合材料的分層型式 ..................................................................................... 16 2. 聲發(fā)射監(jiān)測(cè) ............................................................................................................... 18 聲發(fā)射技術(shù)概述及發(fā)展 ................................................................................. 18 聲發(fā)射技術(shù)概述 .................................................................................. 18 聲發(fā)射技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................... 19 聲發(fā)射技術(shù)的原理及特點(diǎn) ............................................................................. 20 聲發(fā)射技術(shù)在復(fù)合材料中的應(yīng)用 .................................................................