【正文】 提供全套畢業(yè)論文，歡迎咨詢 論文題目： GPSRTK小區(qū)域測(cè)量精度研究 專 業(yè)：大地測(cè)量學(xué)與測(cè)量工程 碩 士 生：馬桃桃 （簽名） 指導(dǎo)教師：湯伏全 （簽名） 摘要 GPS RTK 具有用途廣、定位精度較高、自動(dòng)化程度高、全天候作業(yè)等優(yōu)點(diǎn) ,已在測(cè)繪領(lǐng)域中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。 目前，測(cè)繪界對(duì)于 RTK 測(cè)量精度和測(cè)量誤差處理尚未形成統(tǒng)一的、量化的理論。由于 RTK 測(cè)量 中常缺少必要的檢核條件，使得測(cè)量成果的可靠性較差。在小區(qū)域 RTK 測(cè)量中，如何檢驗(yàn)測(cè)量成果可靠性及提高測(cè)量定位的精度，已成為工程測(cè)量技術(shù)研究的重要課題。 本文針對(duì)小區(qū)域內(nèi) RTK測(cè)量定位的精度和可靠性問題展開分析與研究，提出了 RTK定位精度的檢測(cè)方法，通過對(duì) RTK 測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的內(nèi)符合精度檢測(cè)，分析了 RTK 在小區(qū)域工程測(cè)量中實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度定位的技術(shù)可行性。 在小區(qū)域內(nèi) RTK 測(cè)量精度受轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)的影響顯著。本文對(duì)小區(qū)域 RTK 測(cè)量求解轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)的模型進(jìn)行分析，通過實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果檢驗(yàn)了轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)對(duì)于 RTK 測(cè)量精度的影響，提出了 三種處理轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)以提高 RTK 測(cè)量精度的方法： （ 1）對(duì)求解 RTK坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)過程加以改進(jìn)。并通過實(shí)例證實(shí)，在小區(qū)域內(nèi)改進(jìn)參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換過程能有效提高 RTK定位精度。 （ 2）在假設(shè)參與求解轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)的已知公共點(diǎn)含有誤差的情況下，利用 RTK測(cè)量點(diǎn)位誤差的微分表達(dá)式，分析了已知公共點(diǎn)固有誤差對(duì) RTK測(cè)量精度的影響，通過實(shí)例對(duì)已知公共點(diǎn)進(jìn)行檢核，以改進(jìn) RTK測(cè)量的精度。 （ 3）將多個(gè)公共點(diǎn)參與轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)的求解，逐個(gè)剔除每次計(jì)算后的較大殘差點(diǎn)，最終篩選出殘差最小的一組公共點(diǎn)來計(jì)算該區(qū)域轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)的最優(yōu)解。 本文探討了 RTK 測(cè)量誤差的處理方法，嘗試對(duì) RTK 測(cè)量偏差與測(cè)量過程中的HRMS、 VRMS、衛(wèi)星數(shù)、 GDOP、距基準(zhǔn)站距離等多個(gè)參數(shù)進(jìn)行回歸分析，得到 RTK測(cè)量誤差處理的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式，為小區(qū)域內(nèi) RTK 測(cè)量的誤差處理提供了一種方法，對(duì)于 GPS 工程測(cè)量應(yīng)用具有參考價(jià)值。 關(guān) 鍵 詞： GPS RTK 內(nèi)符合精度 參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換模型 最優(yōu)轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù) 2 研究類型： 應(yīng)用研究型 Subject： Accuracy research of GPS – RTK in small areas Specialty： Geodesy and Survey Engineering Name ： *** （ Signature） Instructor： *** （ Signature） ABSTRACT GPS RTK has the advantage of wide application, high positioning accuracy, high automation degree, allweather work etc, and has been used widely in the field of surveying and mapping. At present, the measurement accuracy of RTK and processing of measurement error has not yet formed a unified and quantitative theory in the field of surveying and mapping. Because the RTK measuring often lacks the necessary check condition to make the poor reliability of the measurement results. In a small area of RTK measurement, how to test reliability and improve the accuracy of measurement positioning measurement results has bee an important hot topic in the field of engineering survey technology. This paper focuses on analyzing and researching the accuracy of RTK measurement positioning in small region positioning analysis and reliability issue. It proposed RTK positioning accuracy detection method, and analyzed of the engineering measure to realize high precision positioning RTK in a small area of technical feasibility, by testing GPSRTK measurement within the precision of the experiment data. RTK measurement accuracy is affected by the transformation parameters in a small area. This paper analyzed the RTK measurements to solve transformation parameters in the small area, by experimental results for RTK measurement accuracy verified the transformation parameters, and put forward to three kinds of treatment the influence of the transformation parameters to improve precision of RTK measurement.: (1). Improve the process of solving the GPSRTK coordinates conversion parameters . And confirmed through examples, improve parameter conversion process in the small area can effectively improve RTK positioning accuracy. (2) Assuming that participate in solving the transformation parameters known cases of mon point contains error, using the differential expression of RTK measurement point position error, analyzes the mon point known inherent error influence on RTK measurement accuracy, known by mon point to check, to improve RTK measurement accuracy. (3)Participate in more than one mon point is presented to solve transformation parameters, one at a time out after each calculation of large residual almost, eventually selected a set of mon point to calculate minimum residual error of the area the optimal transformation parameters. This paper discusses the processing method of RTK measuring error, tries to have regression analysis bias of RTK measurement and multiple parameters of in the process of measurement such as HRMS, VRMS, satellite number, GDOP, base station distance to get the experience formula of the RTK measuring error a way RTK measurement error processing for small area. For GPS engineering measurement applications, it has a reference value. Keywords: GPSRTK Precision Parameter Transformation Model Optimal Conversion parameters Thesis : Application Research 目錄 I 目錄 1 緒論 ........................................................................................................................... 1 引言 ................................................................................................................. 1 研究的背景及意義 ......................................................................................... 2 研究的背景 ......................................................................................... 2 研究的意義 .......................................................................................... 2 研究的主要內(nèi)容和目標(biāo) ................................................................................. 3 研究的 主要內(nèi)容 .................................................................................. 3 研究的目標(biāo) .......................................................................................... 4 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................ 5 國(guó)內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................................... 5 國(guó)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................................... 6 本章小結(jié) ........................................................................................................ 6 2 GPSRTK測(cè)量原理及誤差分析 ............................................................................. 7 GPSRTK 測(cè)量原理及其系統(tǒng)組成 ................................................................ 7 RTK 測(cè)量原理 .................................................................................. 7 RTK 系統(tǒng)組成 ................................................