【正文】 The genral stf(1mpoyidvc,uh)0jb。5wT摘要 近年來(lái)，隨著我國(guó)鐵路事業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，鐵路的運(yùn)輸能力得到了大幅度提升。在客運(yùn)技術(shù)與速度提高的同時(shí)，作為旅客體驗(yàn)鐵路服務(wù)的一個(gè)必要環(huán)節(jié)，售票環(huán)節(jié)的重要性也隨之提高。然而大型客運(yùn)站真實(shí)的售票過(guò)程極為復(fù)雜，旅客的行為受事件驅(qū)動(dòng)，他們的狀態(tài)在一些不均勻的離散時(shí)刻發(fā)生改變且其變化的內(nèi)部 機(jī)理非常復(fù)雜，離散時(shí)間點(diǎn)一般不能確定，這是典型的離散事件系統(tǒng)，通常無(wú)法利用一般的數(shù)學(xué)方法進(jìn)行描述。我們通常采用離散事件系統(tǒng)仿真的方法來(lái)解決此類問(wèn)題，它是解決此類問(wèn)題的最有用處的方法之一。 要對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真研究，首先就必須建立起系統(tǒng) 的仿真模型。本文在閱讀大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，簡(jiǎn)單介紹了離散事件系統(tǒng)的建模與仿真方法，并對(duì)北京西客站售票大廳建立離散事件系統(tǒng)仿真模型，對(duì)旅客售票過(guò)程進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化改善。 關(guān)鍵詞：離散事件 ,系統(tǒng)仿真The genral stf(1mpoyidvc,uh)0jb。5wT Abstract In recent years, with the rapid development of China39。s railway business, railway transport capacity has been improved significantly. The process of Buy a ticket became more and more important , while the technology and speed had Substantially the process in the real world is so plex that we can not use Mathematical methods to study it. The most useful way to study this case is to Simulate the Discrete Event System. Simulation study of a system, we must first establish a system simulation model. On the base of studying a lot of academic articles this thesis simplely introduced the discrete event systems modeling and simulation methods and established the discrete event systems of Beijing West Railway Station. Simulated and optimizated the process of Buy a ticket KEYWORDS： discrete event , system simulation . The genral stf(1mpoyidvc,uh)0jb。5wT3 1. 概述 ................................................................................................................... 5 . 售票服務(wù)環(huán)節(jié)研究 ....................................................................................... 5 . 離散事件系統(tǒng) .............................................................................................. 5 . 離散事件系統(tǒng)仿真研究現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................... 5 . 離散事件系統(tǒng)建 模 ................................................................................ 5 . 離散事件系統(tǒng)仿真 ................................................................................ 6 . 離散事件系統(tǒng)仿真數(shù)據(jù)分析 .................................................................. 6 2. 離散事件系統(tǒng)建模與仿真介紹 ............................................................................ 7 . 基本概念 ..................................................................................................... 7 . 實(shí)體（ Entity） ................................................................................... 7 . 屬性（ Attribute） .............................................................................. 7 . 狀態(tài)（ State） ..................................................................................... 7 . 事件 (Event) ........................................................................................ 8 . 活動(dòng) (Activity) ................................................................................... 8 . 進(jìn)程 (Process) ..................................................................................... 8 . 離散事件系統(tǒng)建模仿真研究的一般步驟 ....................................................... 8 . 系統(tǒng)建模 ..................................................................................................... 9 . 確定仿真目的 ....................................................................................... 9 . 正確描述系統(tǒng) ....................................................................................... 9 . 確定輸出函數(shù) ..................................................................................... 10 . 確定仿真算法 ............................................................................................ 10 . 隨機(jī)數(shù)和隨機(jī)變量的生成 ................................................................... 10 . 隨機(jī)數(shù)的產(chǎn)生 .......................................................................... 10 . 隨機(jī)變量的產(chǎn)生方法 ................................................................ 10 . 離散事件系統(tǒng)仿真策略 ....................................................................... 10 . 事件調(diào)度法（ Event Scheduling） ............................................11 . 活動(dòng)掃描法（ Activity Scanning） ..........................................11 . 進(jìn)程交互法（ Process Interaction） ......................................11 . 建立仿真模型 .............................................................................................11 . 仿真模型主要成分 ...............................................................................11 . 仿真程序流程 管理 .............................................................................. 12 . 對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)程 的 管理 ................................................................... 12 . 對(duì) 同時(shí)事件 的 管理 ................................................................... 13 . 完成仿真模型 ..................................................................................... 13 . 仿真結(jié)果分析 ............................................................................................ 13 3. 北京西站售票大廳離散事件系統(tǒng)建模仿真 ......................................................... 13 . 仿真目的 ................................................................................................... 14 . 得到不同時(shí)段合理服務(wù)窗口數(shù) ............................................................ 14 . 驗(yàn)證規(guī)范行人間隔能夠提高服務(wù)效果 .................................................. 14 . 優(yōu)化調(diào)度間隔 ..................................................................................... 14 . 西站售票大廳離散事件系統(tǒng)建模 ................................................................ 14 . 建模思路 ............................................................................................ 14 . 實(shí)體及其屬性、狀態(tài)、活動(dòng)和相互影響 .............................................. 15 . 事件及其引發(fā)的狀態(tài)變化 ................................................................... 16 The genral stf(1mpoyidvc,uh)0jb。5wT. 選隊(duì)事件 ................................................................................. 16 . 旅客到達(dá)隊(duì)列 .......................................................................... 17 . 開(kāi)始服務(wù)事件 .......................................................................... 17 . 結(jié)束服務(wù)事件 ..................................................................