【正文】 昆明 理工 大學(xué) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 年產(chǎn) 4 萬(wàn)噸過(guò)磷酸鈣工藝流程設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 生： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 專 業(yè)： 班 級(jí)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 昆明理工大學(xué) 二 〇 一 〇 年 月昆明理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) Ⅰ 摘 要 過(guò)磷酸鈣是由磷礦粉和硫酸起化學(xué) 反應(yīng) 后制成的一種含磷的化學(xué)肥料。 由于具有生產(chǎn)工藝簡(jiǎn)單，生產(chǎn)操作易于掌握；生產(chǎn)設(shè)備容易制造，投資較??；施用后見(jiàn)效快，增產(chǎn)顯著等特點(diǎn)，使其在各種 磷肥 新品種不斷涌現(xiàn)的情況下產(chǎn)銷量仍 然 持高不下。 本設(shè)計(jì)采用干法來(lái)生產(chǎn)過(guò)磷酸鈣 ， 原料礦與硫酸在混合機(jī)內(nèi)進(jìn)行混合 ， 然后 進(jìn)入化成 室 再 經(jīng)過(guò)熟化、中和及造粒干燥后得到成品過(guò)磷酸鈣。通過(guò) 物料衡算 、 熱量衡算 以及設(shè)備選型設(shè)計(jì)出能符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的產(chǎn)品的工藝流程 。 關(guān) 鍵詞： 過(guò)磷酸鈣，磷礦，生產(chǎn)，干法 Abstract calcium superphosphate (SSP) is a containing phosphorus chemical fertilizers which was made of phosphate rock and sulfuric acid from the chemical reactions because of the production process, and operation simple is easy to master； production equipment easy to make, invest save。 It will bee effective quickly after used, Increase notable and so on characteristics, so that Under the situation that the new various phosphate fertilizer breed springs up unceasingly ， production and sales remained stubbornly high. This design uses a dry process to produce superphosphate,the raw material ore and sulfuric acid carry out mixture within blending machine, and then enter kasei room and curing and after drying and granulation to get finished superphosphate. Through material accounting、 quantity of heat accounting and equipment chooses a type to designs a design which conform to the national standards product。 Key words: calcium superphosphate, Phosphorus ore, production, dryprocess 目 錄 摘 要 ...........................................................................................................................................I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 目 錄 ........................................................................................................................................ III 1 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 引言 .............................................................................................................................. 1 過(guò)磷酸鈣的特性 .......................................................................................................... 1 物理、化學(xué)性質(zhì) ............................................................................................... 1 產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ............................................................................................... 1 過(guò)磷酸鈣的生產(chǎn)工藝 .................................................................................................. 2 磷肥加工方法的分類 ....................................................................................... 2 硫酸生產(chǎn)過(guò)磷酸鈣的原理 ............................................................................... 3 干法和濕法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ....................................................................................... 3 原料礦和產(chǎn)品的 儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸 ...................................................................................... 3 磷礦的儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸 ........................................................................................... 3 過(guò)磷酸鈣的儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸 ................................................................................... 4 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ...................................................................................................................... 4 過(guò)磷酸鈣的產(chǎn)量及施用現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................................... 4 過(guò)磷酸鈣的發(fā)展前景 ....................................................................................... 5 國(guó)內(nèi)外過(guò)磷酸 鈣需求情況 ............................................................................... 5 本設(shè)計(jì)的立體思想 ...................................................................................................... 5 2 生產(chǎn)工藝 .............................................................................................................................. 7 過(guò)磷酸鈣生產(chǎn)中的化學(xué)反應(yīng) ...................................................................................... 7 主要化學(xué)反應(yīng) ................................................................................................... 7 生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的副反應(yīng) ....................................................................................... 8 生產(chǎn)工藝流程圖 .......................................................................................................... 9 過(guò)磷酸鈣生產(chǎn)工藝流程簡(jiǎn)介 ...................................................................................... 9 混合化成 ........................................................................................................... 9 含氟氣體的處理與吸收 ................................................................................. 10 熟化工序 ......................................................................................................... 11 降溫熟化流程 ...................................................................................... 11 保溫熟化流程 ...................................................................................... 11 中和工序 ......................................................................................................... 11 造粒與干燥 ..................................................................................................... 12 工藝操作條件和生產(chǎn)指標(biāo) ........................................................................................ 13 磷礦的細(xì)度和水分 ......................................................................................... 13 硫酸的用量 ..................................................................................................... 13 硫酸的濃度和溫度 ......................................................................................... 13 攪拌強(qiáng)度和時(shí)間 ............................................................................................. 14 化成條件 ......................................................................................................... 14 熟化條件 ..................