【正文】 1 1 摘 要 光立方是 LED 發(fā)光二極管構(gòu)成的正方體形狀的立體顯示裝置，使用單色或多色發(fā)光管，可以產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜靈活、十分有吸引力的顯示效果，包括單一立體圖形的靜態(tài)顯示、動態(tài)顯示和多種圖形的交替顯示等多種顯示方式，未來甚至可能以此為基礎(chǔ)，真正實現(xiàn)復(fù)雜圖像的三維顯示。光立方是一個集實際型 、經(jīng)濟(jì)型、性價比高的藝術(shù)品， 它不僅僅局限于裝飾，更是能夠幫助更好的學(xué)習(xí) c 語言實際應(yīng)用、滿足單片機(jī)愛好者對基于單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)電路設(shè)計研究的好課題。 本設(shè)計采用的是 8*8*8 的光立方設(shè)計方案，即立方體的長寬高各是由八個 LED 燈排列而成的，長寬高大概是 14cm*14cm*20cm,整個系統(tǒng)主要分為三個模塊：控制模塊 驅(qū)動模塊 顯示模塊；主控芯片為 60K STC12C5A60S2，驅(qū)動電路采用的是 cmos鎖存器 74HC573 數(shù)字芯片以及達(dá)林頓管驅(qū)動器 ULN2803，顯示模塊為 512 個 LED焊接成的光立方。經(jīng)過試驗本方案成功實現(xiàn)了光立方的動態(tài)顯示及控制。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 光立方； 74HC573； STC12C5A60S2； ULN2803 2 2 ABSTRACT LED Cube is a threedimensional cube shaped LED lightemitting diode display device using a single color or multicolor LED, can produce plex and flexible, very attractive display, including a single static display threedimensional graphics , dynamic display and a variety of graphic display and other display alternately , even it will be a basis for truly plex threedimensional image display in the future. Light Cube is a set of practical , economical , costeffective high art, it is not limited to decoration, it is able to help better learning c language practice , it is a good topic for Electronics enthusiasts to design a circuit of microcontroller based control system . This design uses a light cube design 8 * 8 * 8 , ie the length , breadth and height of cube is made up of eight LED lights arrayed , the length and breadth is about 14cm * 14cm * 20cm, the whole system is divided into three modules : a control module driver module and display module 。 master chip 60K STC12C5A60S2, drive circuit uses a digital chip cmos latch 74HC573 and Darlington driver ULN2803, LED display module 512 welded into the light cube . The program successfully tested a dynamic display and control light cube . Key words： led cube ； 74HC573 ； STC12C5A60S2 ； ULN2803 目 錄 摘要 ....................................................................................................................................... 1 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... 2 目錄 ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1 前言 .................................................................................................................................... 4 背景與意義 ............................................................................................................. 4 如何看待“光立方” ............................................................................................. 4 LED 顯示的發(fā)展與研究 ......................................................................................... 4 LED 發(fā)展給我們帶來的機(jī)遇 ................................................................................. 5 設(shè)計的總體要求 ..................................................................................................... 5 本論文的基本內(nèi)容 .................................................................................................. 5 2 3DLED 顯示屏的基本構(gòu)想 ............................................................................................... 7 如何實現(xiàn)光立方控制 .............................................................................................. 7 單片機(jī) I/O 口分配以及編程如何實現(xiàn) ................................................................... 8 3 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)以及模塊論述 .................................................................................................. 10 控制模塊 ................................................................................................................ 10 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) .......................................................................................... 11 選擇使用 STC12C5A60S2 單片機(jī) 的原因 ................................................. 14 驅(qū)動模塊 ................................................................................................................ 14 .1 ULN2803 的介紹 ........................................................................................ 14 74HC573 的介紹 .......................................................................................... 18 選用 ULN2803 和 74HC573 作為驅(qū)動芯片的原因 ................................. 20 顯示模塊 ................................................................................................................ 21 發(fā)光二極管 LED ........................................................................................ 21 LED 燈的選擇 ............................................................................................. 22 4 各模塊的組建 ................................................................................................................. 23 光立方的組成搭建與注意事項 ........................................................................... 23 控制模塊與驅(qū)動模塊的焊接 ............................................................................... 23 5 系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試 ..................................................................................................................... 25 顯示模塊檢測 ....................................................................................................... 25 整個系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試 ................................................................................................... 25 程序的調(diào)試 ........................................................................................................... 26 6 仿真 .................................................................................................................................. 27 仿真的實現(xiàn)原理 .................................................................................................... 27 仿真對于本設(shè)計的意義 ....................................................................................... 28 結(jié)論 ...............................................................................................................